在國家就地過年政策的作用下，今年鐵路春運客流總體大幅下降。

The number of railway passenger trips took a nosedive in the first three days of the Spring Festival travel season amid stringent epidemic control measures, data from the national railway operator showed Sunday.
國鐵集團1月31日發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在嚴格的疫情防控措施背景下，今年春運前三天鐵路客流明顯下降。

【單詞講解】

這里的nosedive是很形象的一個詞，從字面意思可以理解為“鼻子朝下跳水”，字典里一般解釋為“俯沖”，并由此延伸出“驟降，急劇下跌”等意思，用作動詞或名詞都可以，比如：Stock prices took a nosedive（股價暴跌）；Profits nosedived in the last quarter（最后一個季度，利潤暴跌）；The plane went into a nosedive without warning（飛機毫無預兆地來了個俯沖）。

Passengers made 2.96 million railway trips on Saturday, while a total of 3.08 million and 2.83 million trips were registered on Thursday and Friday, respectively, according to the China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (China Railway).
國鐵集團表示，1月28日、29日和30日，春運前三天，全國鐵路發(fā)送旅客分別為308萬、283萬和296萬人次。

The company said on Sunday, the fourth day of the travel rush, 2.9 million passenger trips were expected to be made, a year-on-year decrease of 75 percent.
1月31日，春運進入第四天，全國鐵路預計發(fā)送旅客290萬人次，同比下降75%。

【單詞講解】

在一些統(tǒng)計類的報道中，我們經(jīng)常會看到“環(huán)比”、“同比”這樣的表述，這兩種比較方式的區(qū)別在于：環(huán)比，就是跟上一個周期比；同比，就是跟去年同期比。如果用今年1月的數(shù)據(jù)跟去年1月的數(shù)據(jù)相比就是“同比”，英文用形容詞year-on-year或者副詞短語year on year表示，上文中的a year-on-year decrease of 75 percent也可以改為decrease 75 percent year on year；而1月的鐵路客流量與12月的相比，就是“環(huán)比”，可以用形容詞形式month-on-month或者副詞形式的month on month來表示，比如：the number of passenger trips saw a month-on-month increase of 30 percent in January。

In light of sporadic resurgence of COVID-19 cases and measures to reduce people's movement, the group previously lowered its estimate of railway passenger trips from 407 million to 296 million for the travel peak.
鑒于新冠肺炎疫情散發(fā)以及各地實行減少人員流動的各項措施，國鐵集團已將春運期間預計發(fā)送的旅客數(shù)量由此前的4.07億人次降低為2.96億人次。

一證通行、無接觸服務保障春運安全

Electronic tickets are used in most railway stations across the country, and passengers can check in with their ID cards or through facial recognition.
全國大部分火車站均可使用電子車票，乘客可使用身份證或刷臉進站乘車。

Passengers are urged to practice social distancing at the waiting halls.
在候車大廳，督促乘客保持安全距離。

Online food ordering service is also available so that passengers can get their deliveries at their boarding stations.
旅客可以通過在線訂餐服務下單，然后在始發(fā)站取餐。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

春運 Spring Festival travel rush

就地過年 stay local for the Spring Festival

常態(tài)化疫情防控 regular epidemic prevention and control

健康碼 health code

健康監(jiān)測 health monitoring

參考來源：新華網(wǎng)、中國日報

（中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 Helen）