習近平在中央農村工作會議上強調

錨定建設農業強國目標 切實抓好農業農村工作

李克強主持 李強王滬寧韓正蔡奇丁薛祥出席

新華社北京12月24日電　中央農村工作會議12月23日至24日在北京舉行。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議并發表重要講話強調，全面推進鄉村振興、加快建設農業強國，是黨中央著眼全面建成社會主義現代化強國作出的戰略部署。強國必先強農，農強方能國強。沒有農業強國就沒有整個現代化強國；沒有農業農村現代化，社會主義現代化就是不全面的。要鉚足干勁，抓好以鄉村振興為重心的“三農”各項工作，大力推進農業農村現代化，為加快建設農業強國而努力奮斗。

李克強主持會議。李強、王滬寧、韓正、蔡奇、丁薛祥出席會議。

習近平指出，農業強國是社會主義現代化強國的根基，滿足人民美好生活需要、實現高質量發展、夯實國家安全基礎，都離不開農業發展。建設農業強國要體現中國特色，立足我國國情，立足人多地少的資源稟賦、農耕文明的歷史底蘊、人與自然和諧共生的時代要求，走自己的路，不簡單照搬國外現代化農業強國模式。要依靠自己力量端牢飯碗，依托雙層經營體制發展農業，發展生態低碳農業，賡續農耕文明，扎實推進共同富裕。當前，要錨定建設農業強國目標，科學謀劃和推進“三農”工作，加強頂層設計，制定加快建設農業強國規劃；循序漸進、穩扎穩打，多做打基礎、利長遠的事情；因地制宜、注重實效，立足資源稟賦和發展階段，解決農業農村發展最迫切、農民反映最強烈的實際問題，不搞脫離實際的面子工程。

習近平強調，保障糧食和重要農產品穩定安全供給始終是建設農業強國的頭等大事。要實施新一輪千億斤糧食產能提升行動，抓緊制定實施方案。要抓住耕地和種子兩個要害，堅決守住18億畝耕地紅線，逐步把永久基本農田全部建成高標準農田，把種業振興行動切實抓出成效，把當家品種牢牢攥在自己手里。要健全種糧農民收益保障機制，健全主產區利益補償機制。保障糧食安全，要在增產和減損兩端同時發力，持續深化食物節約各項行動。要樹立大食物觀，構建多元化食物供給體系，多途徑開發食物來源。要嚴格考核，督促各地真正把保障糧食安全的責任扛起來。

習近平指出，全面推進鄉村振興是新時代建設農業強國的重要任務，人力投入、物力配置、財力保障都要轉移到鄉村振興上來。要全面推進產業、人才、文化、生態、組織“五個振興”，統籌部署、協同推進，抓住重點、補齊短板。產業振興是鄉村振興的重中之重，要落實產業幫扶政策，做好“土特產”文章，依托農業農村特色資源，向開發農業多種功能、挖掘鄉村多元價值要效益，向一二三產業融合發展要效益，強龍頭、補鏈條、興業態、樹品牌，推動鄉村產業全鏈條升級，增強市場競爭力和可持續發展能力。鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果是全面推進鄉村振興的底線任務，要繼續壓緊壓實責任，把脫貧人口和脫貧地區的幫扶政策銜接好、措施落到位，堅決防止出現整村整鄉返貧現象。要堅持把增加農民收入作為“三農”工作的中心任務，千方百計拓寬農民增收致富渠道。

習近平強調，要依靠科技和改革雙輪驅動加快建設農業強國。要緊盯世界農業科技前沿，大力提升我國農業科技水平，加快實現高水平農業科技自立自強。要著力提升創新體系整體效能，解決好各自為戰、低水平重復、轉化率不高等突出問題。要以農業關鍵核心技術攻關為引領，以產業急需為導向，聚焦底盤技術、核心種源、關鍵農機裝備等領域，發揮新型舉國體制優勢，整合各級各類優勢科研資源，強化企業科技創新主體地位，構建梯次分明、分工協作、適度競爭的農業科技創新體系。要打造國家農業科技戰略力量，支持農業領域重大創新平臺建設。深化農村改革，必須繼續把住處理好農民和土地關系這條主線，把強化集體所有制根基、保障和實現農民集體成員權利同激活資源要素統一起來，搞好農村集體資源資產的權利分置和權能完善，讓廣大農民在改革中分享更多成果。要扎實做好承包期再延長30年的各項工作，確保大多數農戶原有承包權保持穩定、順利延包。要發展適度規模經營，支持發展家庭農場、農民合作社等新型經營主體，加快健全農業社會化服務體系，把小農戶服務好、帶動好。要穩慎推進農村宅基地制度改革試點，深化農村集體經營性建設用地入市試點，完善土地增值收益分配機制。要破除妨礙城鄉要素平等交換、雙向流動的制度壁壘，促進發展要素、各類服務更多下鄉，率先在縣域內破除城鄉二元結構。

習近平強調，農村現代化是建設農業強國的內在要求和必要條件，建設宜居宜業和美鄉村是農業強國的應有之義。要一體推進農業現代化和農村現代化，實現鄉村由表及里、形神兼備的全面提升。要瞄準“農村基本具備現代生活條件”的目標，組織實施好鄉村建設行動，特別是要加快防疫、養老、教育、醫療等方面的公共服務設施建設，提高鄉村基礎設施完備度、公共服務便利度、人居環境舒適度，讓農民就地過上現代文明生活。要完善黨組織領導的自治、法治、德治相結合的鄉村治理體系，讓農村既充滿活力又穩定有序。要加強農村精神文明建設，加強法治教育，推進移風易俗，引導農民辦事依法、遇事找法、解決問題用法、化解矛盾靠法，自覺遵守村規民約。

習近平指出，要堅持黨領導“三農”工作原則不動搖，健全領導體制和工作機制，為加快建設農業強國提供堅強保證。要堅持五級書記抓鄉村振興，縣委書記要當好“一線總指揮”。要加大對涉農干部的培訓力度，提高“三農”工作本領，改進工作作風，打造一支政治過硬、適應新時代要求、具有領導農業強國建設能力的“三農”干部隊伍。要堅持本土培養和外部引進相結合，重點加強村黨組織書記和新型農業經營主體帶頭人培訓，全面提升農民素質素養，育好用好鄉土人才；要引進一批人才，有序引導大學畢業生到鄉、能人回鄉、農民工返鄉、企業家入鄉，幫助他們解決后顧之憂，讓其留得下、能創業。要健全村黨組織領導的村級組織體系，把農村基層黨組織建設成為有效實現黨的領導的堅強戰斗堡壘。

李克強在主持會議時指出，習近平總書記的重要講話，結合貫徹落實黨的二十大精神，著眼全面建成社會主義現代化強國的全局大局，系統闡釋了建設農業強國、加快推進農業農村現代化、全面推進鄉村振興的一系列重大理論和實踐問題，明確了當前和今后一個時期“三農”工作的目標任務、戰略重點和主攻方向，具有十分重要的指導意義。要認真學習領會，堅持以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，結合會議主題和工作實際，把黨中央、國務院決策部署貫徹落實好。

胡春華在總結講話中表示，習近平總書記的重要講話是建設農業強國、加快推進農業農村現代化、全面推進鄉村振興的科學指南和行動綱領。要全面學習貫徹習近平總書記關于“三農”工作重要論述，堅決完成好“三農”基本工作任務，抓緊抓好糧食和重要農產品生產，鞏固拓展好脫貧攻堅成果，扎實推進宜居宜業和美鄉村建設，拓寬農民增收致富渠道，加強和改進鄉村治理。要堅持五級書記一起抓，從各地實際出發，按農業農村規律辦事，尊重農民意愿和首創精神，不斷提高工作實效。當前，要重點抓好農村新冠疫情防控，嚴格落實屬地責任，強化返鄉務工人員和大中專學生防疫服務，加強農村老幼病殘孕等重點人群醫療保障，最大程度維護好農村居民身體健康和正常生產生活秩序。

會議討論了《中共中央、國務院關于做好2023年全面推進鄉村振興重點工作的意見（討論稿）》。

部分中共中央政治局委員、中央書記處書記，全國人大常委會、國務院、全國政協有關領導同志等出席會議。

中央農村工作領導小組成員，各省、自治區、直轄市和計劃單列市、新疆生產建設兵團黨政主要負責同志和分管農業農村工作的負責同志，中央和國家機關有關部門、有關人民團體、有關金融機構和企業、中央軍委機關有關部門負責同志等參加會議。會議以電視電話會議形式召開，各省區市設分會場。

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Xi Jinping delivers speech at central rural work conference

The annual central rural work conference was held from Dec. 23 to 24 in Beijing. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), Chinese president, and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), attended the conference and delivered an important speech. He stressed that it is a strategic plan the CPC Central Committee has made to advance rural revitalization across the board and accelerate the building of a strong agriculture, with a view to building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects.

He emphasized that a country must first strengthen agriculture to make itself strong, and only when agriculture is strong can the country be strong. Without strong agriculture, there won't be a great modern country. The socialist modernization won't be complete without agricultural and rural modernization.

He also called for efforts in areas relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, with rural revitalization as the focus, to vigorously promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and speed up the building of a strong agriculture.

Li Keqiang presided over the conference. Li Qiang, Wang Huning, Han Zheng, Cai Qi and Ding Xuexiang attended the conference.

Xi pointed out that a strong agriculture is the foundation of a great modern socialist country. Agricultural development is essential to meeting the people's needs for a better life, achieving high-quality development and consolidating the foundation of national security. The efforts to build a strong agriculture should reflect Chinese characteristics, and be based on China's national conditions, on the reality of more people and less land, on the historical background of agricultural civilization, and on the requirements of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

He said we should go on our own path rather than simply copying the model of any foreign country. We should rely on our own strength to secure food supply, rely on the two-tier management system to develop agriculture, develop ecological low-carbon agriculture, continue our farming civilization, and solidly promote common prosperity.

Currently, we should stay focused on the goal of building up China's strength in agriculture, scientifically plan and advance the work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, strengthen top-level design, and formulate plans for building a strong agriculture. We should make steady move, proceed step by step, and do more to lay the foundation that can deliver long-term benefits. We should adopt measures suiting local conditions, emphasize practical results, and base our work on China's resource endowment and stages of development, so as to address the most pressing problems in agricultural and rural development that farmers feel most strongly about, instead of engaging in vanity projects that are divorced from reality.

Xi stressed that ensuring the stable and secure supply of grain and important agricultural products has always been the top priority of building up China's strength in agriculture. We will formulate implementation plans for a new round of actions to increase China's grain production capacity by 50 million metric tons. Special attention must be paid to farmland and seeds, ensuring that the red line of 120 million hectares must be kept as far as the country's total area of farmland is concerned. Efforts will be made to gradually develop all permanent basic cropland into high-standard farmland, make real progress in the campaign to invigorate the seed industry, and keep major varieties firmly in our own hands. Work must be done to refine the mechanisms for ensuring the incomes of grain growers and for compensating major grain-producing areas. To ensure food security, efforts must be made to both increase production and reduce food losses, continuing to further prevent food waste. An all-encompassing approach to food must be adopted to build a diversified food supply system, and develop food sources in multiple ways. Assessment of officials' performance must be tightened to urge all localities to shoulder their responsibility for securing food security.

Xi noted that advancing rural revitalization across the board is an important task in building a strong agriculture in the new era, so we need to shift human resources, material resources, and financial support to it.

Work must be done to revitalize the five areas including industries, competent personnel, culture, ecosystems, and organizations in rural areas in a coordinated manner, with emphasis placed on major fields and deficiencies addressed. The development of industries is the most important on the agenda of rural revitalization, and supportive policies must be implemented to the letter in this regard. Particular attention should be paid to local specialties. By relying on special agricultural and rural resources, benefits should be sought through developing a variety of agricultural functions, tapping multiple types of value in rural areas and integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. Leading enterprises must be further developed, weak links of all types strengthened, all forms of business boosted and self-developed brands established, so as to promote the whole-chain upgrading of rural industries and their market competitiveness as well as capabilities of sustainable development.

To consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation is the bottom line of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. We will continue to make sure that relevant departments fulfill their responsibilities, align supportive policies and implement measures for the people and areas that should be lifted out of poverty, and resolutely prevent entire villages and townships from returning to poverty. We will continue to make increasing farmers' incomes the central task of the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and do everything possible to expand channels for farmers to increase incomes and get richer.

Xi stressed the need to rely on science and technology as well as reform to speed up the building of a strong agriculture. We should focus on the frontier of world agricultural science and technology, vigorously promote the level of country's agricultural science and technology, and accelerate the realization of agricultural science and technology self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels. Efforts should be made to improve the overall effectiveness of the innovation system, and address prominent problems such as lack of coordination and cooperation, low levels of duplication, and low conversion rates.

He said it is imperative to take breakthroughs in key and core agricultural technology and agricultural sector's urgent need as the guide, focus on fields such as fundamental technologies, core germplasm resources, as well as key agricultural machinery and equipment, and give full play to the strengths of the new system, which can mobilize the resources nationwide on key national projects, to integrate superior scientific research resources at all levels and of various types, strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and establish an agricultural scientific and technological innovation system with distinct echelon, coordination and cooperation, and moderate competition.

He also called for building national strategic strength in agricultural science and technology and support the development of major platforms for innovation in agriculture. To deepen rural reform, we must continue to focus on properly handling the relationship between farmers and land. We must align strengthening the foundation of collective ownership, safeguarding and realizing the rights of farmers' collective members with activating resource elements, so as to improve the separation of rights and interests over rural collective resources and assets, and make sure farmers can share more of the fruits in the reform.

Solid work should be done to extend the contract period for another 30 years, so as to ensure the original contract rights of most farmers remain stable and are smoothly extended. It is necessary to develop appropriately scaled agricultural operations, support the development of new business entities such as family farms and farmers' cooperatives, speed up the improvement of the socialized service system for agriculture, and provide good services to and support small household farmers.

Trials for the reform of rural allocation of homestead must be carried forward in a steady and prudent manner, and further progress must be made in the pilot programs for market-based transfer of use right to rural collective land designated for business-related construction, and the mechanism be optimized for the distribution of value-added benefits of land. Work will be done to remove the institutional barriers that hamper the equal exchange and the two-way flows of urban and rural production factors, so as to ensure that more development factors and services are available in rural areas, so that the urban-rural dual economic structure will be first broken in counties.

Xi stressed that rural modernization is a must for and prerequisite to building up China's strength in agriculture, and that developing a beautiful and harmonious countryside that is desirable to live and work in is essential in this regard. We must make coordinated efforts to promote modernization of both agriculture and rural areas, and ensure that rural areas are upgraded from inside out and in both form and essence. With the target of "ensuring basic modern living conditions in rural areas," development projects must be well organized and implemented to especially speed up the construction of public service facilities in areas such as anti-epidemic, elderly care, education and healthcare. Efforts should also be made to ensure that the rural infrastructure is complete, public services are more accessible and the environment is more desirable to live in, so that farmers can enjoy a modern life where they are now.

Work will be done to improve the rural governance system under the Party's leadership and featuring the combination of self-governance, rule of law and rule of virtue, so as to make rural areas not only full of vitality but also stable and orderly.

Progress in culture and ethics should be promoted in rural areas and so should the education in the rule of law and transformation of the established traditions. Farmers should be guided to handle affairs in accordance with the law, seek law-based solutions in case of trouble, solve problems and settle disputes in accordance with the law, and consciously abide by village rules and regulations.

Xi said that the Party's leadership must be firmly maintained over work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the leadership system and working mechanism must be optimized, providing a strong guarantee for accelerating the building of a strong agriculture.

He emphasized the principle that Party secretaries at province, city, county, township and village levels must be held accountable for the work of rural revitalization, and a county's Party secretary must play well the role of a "frontline commander."

Training of officials related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers should be intensified, and their work capability and conduct be improved so that a team of officials, who are politically committed, competent to meet the requirements of the new era and capable to lead the building of a strong agriculture, will be built.

Training of local officials must be combined with introduction of competent officials from other localities, particular importance should be attached to the training of village Party secretaries and those in charge of new agricultural businesses, so as to comprehensively improve the quality and literacy of farmers, and better foster and use local talents.

Competent personnel should be introduced from other localities. University graduates, able people, migrant workers and entrepreneurs should be guided to go or return to rural areas in an orderly manner, and work should be done to relieve them of their family worries so that they are willing to stay and start their own businesses.

Work should be done to improve village-level organizations led by the village Party committees and see to it that primary-level Party organizations in rural areas play a key role in ensuring the exercise of the Party's leadership.

When presiding over the conference, Li Keqiang pointed out that General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech is of guiding significance, as it systematically explained a series of major theoretical and practical issues in building a strong agriculture, accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and in comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. The speech has clarified work objectives and tasks, strategic priorities and the main direction that related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, Li said. Xi incorporated in his speech the implementation of the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and the vision for the overall situation of building a great modern socialist country in all aspects, Li said.

Li said that the speech must be thoroughly studied and understood and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era be maintained as the guide to combine the theme of the conference and the working practice, and implement well the plans of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.

Hu Chunhua delivered a concluding speech, during which he said that Xi's remarks are a sound guide and an action program for building up China's strength in agriculture, accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and advancing the rural revitalization across the board.

Hu also stressed the importance of comprehensively studying and implementing General Secretary Xi's important remarks on work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, so as to resolutely accomplish the basic tasks in this regard, pay close attention to the production of grain and important agricultural products, consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation, make solid progress in building rural areas that are comfortable and beautiful to live in, and fit for work, expand channels for farmers to increase their incomes, and strengthen and improve rural governance.

Party secretaries at the provincial, municipal, county, township and village levels must work together to proceed from local realities, act in accordance with the law of agricultural and rural affairs, respect the will and initiative of farmers, and constantly improve the effectiveness of their work, Hu said. At present, a good job must be done on the prevention and control of COVID-19 in rural areas, local leaders must be held accountable for work in this regard. COVID-19 prevention services for returned migrant workers and college and secondary school students must be strengthened, medical care for the rural elderly, young, sick, disabled, pregnant and other key groups must be boosted, so that health of rural residents and normal order for their production and life can be safeguarded to the greatest extent.

The draft document "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting the Key Work of Rural Revitalization in 2023" was discussed at the conference.

Those who also attended the conference include some members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, secretaries of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, leading members from the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the State Council, and the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Also present at the conference were members of the Office of the Central Rural Work Leading Group, leading officials from different provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, cities specifically designated in the state plan and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, as well as leading officials in charge of agricultural and rural affairs, leading officials from relevant departments of central and state organs, relevant people's organizations, relevant financial institutions and enterprises, and relevant departments of the CMC. It was a video and telephone conference, and provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities set up sub-venues.

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