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BBC Learning English 英語教學

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近義詞辨析:recognise 和 identify

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內容簡介

動詞 “recognise” 和 “identify” 都可以表示 “認出(某個人、事物或問題)”。其中, “recognise” 還可以用來表示 “承認;認可、表彰” 的意思;“identify” 還可表示 “認出身份” 或 “指出問題”。聽節目,學習近義詞 “recognise” 和 “identify” 的區別。

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文字稿

(關于臺詞的備注: 請注意這不是廣播節目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現錄制、編輯過程中對節目做出的改變。)

Jiaying
Hello and welcome to Question and Answer of the Week. I'm Jiaying.

Sam
And I'm Sam. Hello!

Jiaying
本期 “你問我答” 節目要回答的問題來自一位微博網友,問題是這樣的:

Question
請問一下,“recognise” 和 “identify” 的區別。

Jiaying
這個問題提得很好。在一些情況下,動詞 “recognise” 和 “identify” 的用法很相似。下面, 我們先講一下兩個詞之間的相似點,再來看它們各自的含義和用法。

Sam
Great idea! Let's do 'recognise' first. If you 'recognise' someone, it means you know them because you have seen or heard them before. It's possible you've never met them – like with a celebrity, for example – but you've seen them before.

Jiaying
“Recognise” 既可以用來表示 “認出(某人的面孔),聽出(某人的聲音)”,也可以表示 “認出、聽出(某物)”。比如:因為你去過某處,所以 “recognise the place(認出這個地方)”;因為曾聽見過,所以 “recognise the sound(聽出這個聲音)”;因為感同深受,所以 “recognise the feeling(領會這種感受)”。來聽三個例句。

Examples
I hadn't seen my childhood friend for years, but I recognised him straight away.
(我多年未見兒時好友,但當時我一眼就認出了他。)

Don't you recognise this song? It's super famous.
(你聽不出這是哪首歌嗎?它可有名了。)

The doctor was able to quickly recognise her symptoms.
(醫生很快就辨識出了她的癥狀。)

Jiaying
說完了 “recognise” 的第一個用法,來對比一下動詞 “recognise” 和 “identify”。

Sam
To 'identify' in this context means 'to recognise someone or something and to say or prove it'.

Jiaying
沒錯,動詞 “recognise” 和 “identify” 的相似之處是兩者都有 “認出” 的意思,但區別在于 “identify” 所描述的對人或事物的了解程度要比 “recognise” 更深。也就是說,如果我們 “identify” 一個人,那我們不僅能 “recognise(認出)” 此人是誰,還能說出或證明此人的身份。動詞 “identify” 還可以用來談論 “在一群人中識別一個人” 的過程。

Sam
And, again, we can use it with things. So, we don't just know the thing, we can say or prove what the thing is, and separate it from other similar things. Let's hear some examples for 'identify' now.

Examples
Babies can identify their mother by her voice even when they're very little.
(嬰兒在很小的時候就可以通過聲音認出自己的媽媽。)

Marine biologists were able to identify the whale by its fin.
(海洋生物學家能夠通過鯨魚鰭來識別它。)

Police haven't been able to identify the criminal yet.
(警方還未能確定罪犯的身份。)

Jiaying
前面,我們介紹了 “recognise” 的第一個常見含義 —— “認出”。現在,說一說它的另一個含義。

Sam
'Recognise' can mean to accept that something is true or important or legal.

Jiaying
是的,在這種情況下,“recognise” 的意思和 “accept” 很相似,都表示 “接受,承認”,常用來談論困難或嚴肅的話題。聽兩個例句。

Examples
I recognise that my behaviour was very bad yesterday, and I apologise.
(我承認我昨天的行為很糟糕,我道歉。)

They need to recognise the financial problems they're facing, or the business will have to close down.
(這家公司需要認識到自己所面臨的財務問題,否則就要歇業了。)

Jiaying
接著,我們來說說動詞 “recognise” 的第三個含義。“Recognise” 還表示 “認可(成就或成功),表彰,嘉獎”。

Sam
Yes, so if a person's achievements or successes are recognised, that person is shown approval or given praise for them.

Jiaying
這種表彰 “recognise” 常是 “(來自官方的、由具有權威性的個人或組織給予的)表揚”。來聽三個例句。

Examples
Our company recognised our hard work by giving us all a raise.
(我們公司給所有人加薪,以表彰我們做出的辛勤工作。)

The King recognised her services to her country by giving her a medal.
(國王授予她一枚獎章以表彰她對國家的貢獻。)

After many years, the actor's talent was finally recognised with an award.
(多年后,這位演員的才華終于得到了嘉獎。)

Jiaying
好了,講了動詞 “recognise” 的常見用法后,來仔細看看動詞 “identify”。前面,我們介紹了動詞 “identify” 的第一個含義 “認出身份,辨識出”。Sam,那它的第二個含義是什么呀?

Sam
If we 'identify' a problem, a need or a fact, we show that it exists.

Jiaying
原來是這樣。而且我們經常需要經過思考、調查研究并花費時間才能 “identify a problem(指出問題)”、“identify a need(找出需要)” 或者 “identify a fact(確定事實)”。聽三個用 “identify” 表達這個含義的例句。

Examples
The report identified some problems in our chain of production.
(這份報告指出了我們生產鏈中的一些問題。)

Scientists have been trying for years to identify the cause of the disease.
(多年來,科學家們一直在試圖找出這種疾病的病因。)

To help you choose the next step in your career, you need to identify what your priorities are.
(為了幫助您抉擇職業生涯中的下一步,你得確定有哪些需要優先考慮的事情。)

Jiaying
希望以上的講解幫助大家分析了 “recognise” 和 “identify” 的重點用法和主要區別。

Sam
Thank you again for the useful question. Remember, you can send in your questions, too!

Jiaying
我們的微博賬號是 “BBC英語教學”。你也可以發郵件給我們,郵箱地址是:questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk 謝謝收聽 “你問我答” 節目。我是佳瑩。

Sam
Until next time, bye-bye.

Jiaying
Bye, everyone.

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