你問我答
近義詞辨析：cross, across, crosswise, intersect
內容簡介
一位聽眾來信詢問單詞 “cross、across、crosswise” 和 “intersect” 的共同點和區別。它們當中有三個詞都包含詞根 “cross”，與 “交叉” 或 “穿過” 相關。“Across” 的副詞含義是 “從一邊到另一邊地”；介詞含義為 “在…另一邊，在…各處”。“Crosswise” 同樣可以作副詞使用，表示 “交叉地，垂直穿過地”，但它是否常用？動詞 “intersect” 指 “（道路或線條）交叉”。本期節目詳細講解這四個詞的用法。
歡迎你加入并和我們一起討論英語學習的方方面面。請通過微博 “BBC英語教學” 或郵件與我們取得聯系。我們的郵箱地址是 questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
文字稿
（關于臺詞的備注: 請注意這不是廣播節目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現錄制、編輯過程中對節目做出的改變。）
Jiaying
大家好，歡迎收聽 BBC英語教學的 “你問我答” 節目，我是佳瑩。Joining me is Roy. Hello, Roy.
Roy
Hi, everyone.
Jiaying
本期節目中要回答的問題來自一位姓舒的聽眾，問題由我來代讀。
Question
你好，我想知道下面兩組單詞有什么相同點和不同點，特別是當它們表達的意思相近的時候：
cross and intersect
across and crosswise
Roy
Let's look at 'cross' and 'across'. 'Cross' is a verb meaning 'go from one side of something to another'. It is often used to talk about places with clear sides, such as a road, or a start and end point, such as a bridge. 'Across' is an adverb with a similar meaning to 'cross', 'from one side to another'. But because it's an adverb, it needs to be used with a verb, normally a verb of movement.
Jiaying
沒錯，“cross” 是動詞，意思是 “橫穿，越過”，通常用來表示 “穿過有明確邊界的場所或事物”，如道路；或 “從起點到終點”，如橋梁。
“Across” 是副詞，表示 “從一邊到另一邊地”，需要與動詞，特別是描述運動的動詞搭配使用。比如：“walk across（走過）”。聽兩個分別使用了動詞 “cross” 和副詞 “across” 的例句。
Examples
She crossed the room to speak with him the moment he arrived.
（他一到，她就穿過房間走到另一頭和他說話。）
I walked across the bridge to get to the museum. It was quicker than waiting for a bus.
（我步行過橋去博物館。這比等著坐公共汽車要快。）
Jiaying
在第一個例句中，動詞 “crossed” 表示 “穿過房間”。在第二個例句中，副詞 “across” 與動詞 “walked” 搭配使用：walked across（步行過橋）。
Roy，“cross” 和 “across” 還有其它的用法嗎？
Roy
Yes. 'Across' can also be used as a preposition meaning 'on the opposite side' or 'in every part of a space or place', such as a country. None of the other words are used in this way.
Jiaying
原來，“across” 還可以作介詞使用，意思是 “在…的另一邊、對面” 或 “在…各處”。聽兩個包含介詞 “across” 的例句。
Examples
My uncle lives just across the road.
（我叔叔就住在馬路對面。）
People across the country listened to BBC Learning English programmes.
（全國各地的人們都收聽了 BBC英語教學的節目。）
Roy
'Cross' can also be used as a noun and describes a shape of two overlapping lines that look like the letter 'x' in English.
Jiaying
“Cross” 作名詞使用時可以表示 “叉號”。Roy，“cross” 和單詞 “crosswise” 的含義有關嗎？
Roy
Yes. 'Crosswise' can be an adverb that means 'in the shape of a cross'. It is used to talk about 'crossing something diagonally or at a 90-degree angle' and is normally used when talking about making a cut. However, 'crosswise' is not very common, and it would be more natural to say 'in the shape of a cross' or 'cut across'.
Jiaying
“Crosswise” 可以作副詞，含義和名詞 “cross” 有關，表示 “交叉地” 或 “垂直穿過地，斜穿地”。我們更常用 “in the shape of a cross” 這樣的搭配來表達 “crosswise” 的意思。請大家聽兩個例句。
Examples
I've marked where I live with a cross on the map.
（我在地圖上用叉號標出了我住的地方。）
Cut the vegetables crosswise, and then place them on the plate.
（把蔬菜橫著切開，然后放在盤子里。）
Roy
Finally, let's look at 'intersect'. 'Intersect' is a verb used to talk about things like lines, roads and paths which overlap each other. As an alternative to 'intersect', you could say the two lines 'cross each other'. 'Intersect' can also mean divide a space into smaller areas by crossing it with lines.
Jiaying
“Intersect” 是動詞，表示 “（線條、道路、路徑等相互）交叉”。“Intersect” 還可以表示 “橫穿、貫穿”。聽兩個例句。
Examples
The two roads intersect in front of the post office.
（這兩條路在郵局前交叉。）
The park is intersected by paths.
（多條小路貫穿這個公園。）
Jiaying
來歸納一下以上講過的內容：“cross” 作動詞時表示 “穿過”，作名詞指 “叉號”。“Across” 作副詞表示 “從一邊到另一邊”，作介詞表示 “在…的另一邊” 或 “在…各處”。“Crosswise” 可作副詞，意思是 “交叉地” 或 “垂直穿過地，斜穿地”。動詞 “intersect” 表示 “（線條、道路、路徑等）交叉”。
Roy
We hope this answered your question! You can send your question to us too.
Jiaying
我們的微博賬號是 “BBC英語教學”。你也可以發郵件給我們，郵箱地址是：questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk 謝謝收聽 “你問我答” 節目。我是佳瑩。我們下次再會！
Roy
Bye, everyone!
