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BBC Learning English 英語教學
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你問我答

日常英語會話中的常用副詞:basically、literally、actually

內(nèi)容簡介

一位聽眾來信詢問如何在日常英語會話中使用像 literally, basically, actually 的這類副詞。以英語為母語的人們在日常交流時,常常會在句首或句中使用這類副詞。主持人 Georgie 和佳瑩在本期 “你問我答” 節(jié)目中講解這三個詞的主要用法,同時補充一些日常會話中的常用副詞,幫助你擴充詞匯量。

文字稿

(關(guān)于臺詞的備注: 請注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過程中對節(jié)目做出的改變。)

Jiaying
大家好,歡迎收聽 BBC英語教學的 “你問我答” 節(jié)目。With me, Jiaying.

Georgie
And me, Georgie. One of our listeners has asked us a question: 

Question
常聽到一些英語母語人士在說話的開頭或中間單獨使用一些副詞,例如 “basically”、“l(fā)iterally” 和 “actually”。想知道還有哪些副詞可以這樣使用,以及它們的用法是什么? 

Jiaying
下面,我們會講解副詞 “basically”、“l(fā)iterally” 和 “actually” 的主要用法,并且再來補充一些大家在日常交流時能用到的英語副詞。 

OK. Basically, using adverbs like these at the beginning or in the middle of sentences is a common way to emphasise or modify what you're saying in casual conversation. 

Georgie
I was literally about to say the same thing! So, you just used 'basically' at the start of the sentence, and that indicated that you were about to summarise or simplify something. 

Jiaying
剛才我在介紹副詞在日常口語會話中的一個常見的用法時,在句子的開頭用到了副詞 “basically”,它的意思是 “從根本上講,基本上”。來聽兩個分別在句中和句首使用了 “basically” 的例句。

Examples
The rules of the game are tricky, but basically, you need to score more points than your opponent.
(游戲規(guī)則很復雜,但基本上你需要比對手得到更多的分數(shù)。) 

Basically, all we're going to do on holiday is read, eat good food and relax.
(我們在假期里基本要做的就是讀書、吃美食和放松。)

Jiaying
Right. Georgie, 前面你說到的 “I was literally about to say the same thing!(我正要像你這樣說呢!)”。這里,你用到了副詞 “l(fā)iterally”。“Literally” 原本的含義是 “字面上地;逐字地”。

Georgie
Yes, for example, I might say: "You don't need to recite this poem literally, just tell me what it's about."

However, the way I used it earlier was for emphasis – I was excited because we had the same idea.

Jiaying
沒錯,你剛剛說 “l(fā)iterally” 的時候,意思其實是 “確實地,真正地”,用來強調(diào)你剛剛說過的話。

注意:在口語會話中,有一些人還會用 “l(fā)iterally” 來表達 “簡直…” 的意思,起到加強、夸大所使用詞句字面意義的作用。來聽兩個例句。 

Examples
I ate so much at the restaurant; I was literally about to explode.
(我在餐廳吃得太多了,我簡直快撐爆了。)

The movie was so sad, I was literally drowning in my tears.
(這部電影太悲傷了,哭得我淚如雨下。) 

Jiaying
下面,我們來說一說 “actually”。“Actually” 常常表示 “實際上,其實” 的意思,可以用來糾正自己或他人說過的話,提出不同的意見;它也可以表示 “居然,竟然”,用來引出一件和預(yù)期相反或意外的事情。來聽兩個例句。

Examples
I want to have pizza for dinner tonight. Actually, let's have noodles.
(今晚晚餐我想吃披薩。我們還是吃面條吧。)

I usually don't like football, but I actually found today's match quite exciting!
(我通常不喜歡看球,但我居然覺得今天的足球比賽很精彩!)

Jiaying
好了,說完了問題中提到的三個副詞,我們再來補充一些在日常英語會話中能用到的副詞。 

Georgie
Unfortunately, there are too many adverbs to cover in this programme, but here are some of our top picks. I just used 'unfortunately' which means you're sad or disappointed about the reality of a situation.

Jiaying
你用副詞 “unfortunately(很不湊巧地)” 來表達了自己的遺憾之情。請聽一個例句。

Example
Unfortunately, we missed the train, so we had to wait an hour for the next one.
(很不湊巧,我們錯過了火車,所以不得不又等了一個小時才坐上下一班車。) 

Jiaying
我們可以用副詞 “honestly” 來表示 “老實說,說真的”,用來強調(diào)自己的真實觀點。副詞 “frankly” 也可以表達同樣的含義,但它聽起來更直接、更嚴肅,所以需要注意使用的場合和對象。聽兩個例句。

Examples
Honestly, I don't think the movie is as good as everyone says it is.
(老實說,我不認為這部電影像大家說的那么好。)

The customer service was, frankly, disgraceful.
(坦率地說,這家公司的客戶服務(wù)太不像話了。)

Georgie
Another useful one is 'seriously', which you can use in a similar way to 'really'. It mostly conveys and emphasises importance. Jiaying, we've been in the studio for three hours. We should seriously think about getting some fresh air. 

Jiaying
Seriously? Three hours? 我用副詞 “seriously(真的)” 來表達了我強烈的懷疑或驚訝之情;而 Georgie 剛剛則用 “seriously” 來表示 “嚴肅地,認真地” 的意思:她說:“We should seriously think about getting some fresh air.”。

好了,上面我們講了在日常英語對話中可以怎樣使用不同的副詞來強調(diào)你想要表達的意思。其中,“basically(基本上地)” 常用來引出你對一件事情的概括;“l(fā)iterally” 本身的含義是 “字面上地;逐字地” ,但如今,人們也常用它來強調(diào)或夸大自己想要說的話;“Honestly” 和 “frankly” 的意思是 “說真的,說實話”,它們都可以用來引出自己對一件事情的真實看法,但 “frankly” 聽起來更直接、更嚴肅一些;我們還補充了 “seriously” 的用法,它可以用來強調(diào)事情很重要或用來表達懷疑或驚訝之情。

Georgie
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Jiaying
你也可以通過微博私信的方式向我們提問。我們的微博賬號是 “BBC英語教學”。Bye.

Georgie
Bye!

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