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BBC Learning English 英語教學
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你問我答

如何給出或尋求保證:make sure、be sure、ensure、guarantee、see to it

內容簡介

一位聽眾想知道怎么準確表達 “確保一件事會按預期實現”。在英語中 “make sure”、“be sure”、“ensure”、“guarantee” 和 “see to it” 等詞語和搭配都可以表示 “主動給出或尋求他人的保證”,但你知道它們的使用要點嗎?本期 “你問我答” 節目就讓我們來學習如何 “make things certain”。

文字稿

(關于臺詞的備注: 請注意這不是廣播節目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現錄制、編輯過程中對節目做出的改變。)

Buli
Hello,大家好,歡迎收聽 BBC 英語教學制作的 “你問我答” 節目。You are with me, Buli.

Georgie
And me, Georgie. One of our listeners has asked us a question.

Question
Hello. How do I say 'make certain something will happen as expected'? Is it 'make sure', 'be sure', or are there some other ways to say that? 

Georgie
That's a good question. Buli, let's make sure we answer this question properly.

Buli
I'll see to it that we do, Georgie. 這個問題其實是關于在英語中如何給出或向他人尋求完成某事的承諾。而這位聽眾提到的 “make sure” 是英語中表達 “確保某事會發生” 這個意思時最常見的搭配,而我則剛剛用到了習語 “see to it”。本期節目就讓我們來梳理一下英語中相關的用法。 

Georgie
Yes, 'make sure' is common in written and spoken English and implies a personal responsibility to confirm something. It can be used as a command – to tell someone what to do – but it can also be used by the person to express their intention that they'll do it. 

Buli
“Make sure” 表示 “某人需要積極確保某事的發生”。這個搭配不但可以用來對他人提出要求,也可以用于表示自己完成某事的意愿。來聽本期節目的第一組例句。

Examples
Please, make sure you turn off the lights when you leave the house.
(請確保你離開房子時把燈都關上。)

We need to make sure we turn off the lights when we leave the house.
(我們需要確保我們離開房子時把燈都關上。)

Buli
我們在口語和書面用語中都可以使用 “make sure” 來表示 “確保”。但如果我們想提出的要求不是很強硬,或者只是一個善意的提醒,就可以用 “be sure” 這個搭配。

Georgie
It's most commonly used as an instruction to another person, but we can also use it to express intention, although this is less common and a bit formal.

Buli
是的。需要注意的是 “be sure” 多用于傳達對他人的要求或提醒,如果搭配第一人稱語氣就會比較正式。請聽例句。

Examples
Be sure to get plenty of rest before your big presentation.
(在你的重要演講之前,一定要充分休息。)

I'll be sure to call you back as soon as I can.
(我一定會盡快給你回電話。)

Buli
在上面的例句中,我們注意到 “be sure” 經常和動詞不定式搭配,變成 “be sure to do something(一定要完成某事)”。和多用于口語的 “be sure” 相比,動詞 “ensure” 就顯得嚴肅得多了。“Ensure” 的意思是 “保證,確保”,我們經常會在一些官方文件中看到它。比如:“We must ensure that all safety protocols are followed.(我們必須確保遵守所有的安全條例。)”

Georgie
Another useful word for this question is 'guarantee'. It can be a noun, 'a guarantee', which is a formal assurance or promise that something will happen, or a verb 'guarantee', which means to provide that formal promise.

Buli
和 “ensure” 類似,另一個常用詞匯 “guarantee” 在作為動詞時的意思是 “作出保證,為某事擔保”。但 “guarantee” 更加強調這種保證的真實和有效性。它也可以作為名詞使用,意思是 “保證,擔保”。來聽下面的兩個例句。

Examples
There's no guarantee that this project will be successful.
(不能保證這個項目絕對能成功。)

We guarantee the product will be delivered on time.
(我們保證產品會按時交付。)

Buli
正如例句中使用 “guarantee” 來 “保證” 產品的交付一樣,當我們想獲得或給出最正式的保證,甚至是付諸法律的要求時,就可以用 “guarantee” 來準確地傳達我們的意思。

Georgie
Finally, shall we return to the idiom you used at the start?

Buli
當然!我在節目一開始時使用的短語 “see to it” 和本期節目問題中提到的 “make sure” 非常相似。但它們的區別在于 “see to it” 僅在工作環境中比較常見,特別是當上級向下級分配任務或下級給出保證的時候。請聽例句。

Examples
Please, see to it that the contracts are written before Monday.
(請你務必在周一前將合同起草完畢。)

I'll see to it that the repairs are completed by the end of the week.
(我保證在本周結束前完成維修工作。)

Georgie
Buli, I think we've made sure to answer this question, but unfortunately, there's no guarantee that our listeners were concentrating! 

Buli
Well, then my advice is that they listen again to ensure they've understood our explanations. 那么下面就讓我們一起來復習一下本期節目吧。“Make sure(確保)”,強調需要有直接行為確保事情的完成。“Be sure” 或 “be sure to do something(一定做某事)”,可以用來表達非硬性的要求或建議。“Ensure” 是動詞,意思是 “保證,確保”,常用在正式或官方文件中。“Guarantee” 作名詞的意思是 “保證,擔保”;作動詞時的意思是 “作出保證,為某事擔保”,在本期節目介紹的表達中具有最強的約束力和真實性。最后是 “see to it(務必/確保完成某事)”,用于在工作環境中主動負責或作出安排。

Georgie
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Buli
你也可以通過微博私信的方式向我們提問。我們的微博賬號是 “BBC英語教學”。Bye.

Georgie
Bye.

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