[朝日新聞?dòng)浾遌

您好。今年是戰(zhàn)后70周年，我想了解總理的歷史觀(guān)。另外到日本的中國(guó)游客現(xiàn)在有所增加，在日本購(gòu)買(mǎi)很多東西，但是到中國(guó)的日本游客比以前減少，日本的對(duì)華投資也減少，您怎么分析這種現(xiàn)象？如何看待中國(guó)在70周年的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)，包括大閱兵給日本國(guó)民的對(duì)華感情帶來(lái)的影響？謝謝。

Q: I am with Asahi Shimbun News. This year marks the 70 anniversary of the end of WWII. I'd like to ask your outlook on history, Mr Premier.

We've also seen more Chinese tourists have traveled to Japan and bought a lot of things there, but at the same time the numbers of Japanese tourists visiting China as well as Japanese investment in China have both been on the decline.

How do you see such a situation and how do you view the possible impact of China's planed commemoration activities including the military parade on the sentiments of the Japanese people?

[李克強(qiáng)]

今年是中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年，不僅中國(guó)，世界上許多國(guó)家都要開(kāi)展多種形式的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)，目的是要牢記這一慘痛的歷史悲劇，不能讓歷史再重演，要維護(hù)二戰(zhàn)勝利成果和戰(zhàn)后國(guó)際秩序及一系列國(guó)際法，以維護(hù)人類(lèi)持久和平。

A: This year marks the 70th anniversary of victory of the Chinese people's resistance against Japanese aggression and the world anti-fascist war.

Not only China but also many countries in the world have planned to hold diverse forms of commemoration activities. The purpose of these activities is to firmly bear in mind that the lessons gained from the past and ensure that that kind of history will never repeat itself. The purpose is to uphold the outcomes of the World War II and the post-war international order and international laws to maintain enduring peace of mankind.

當(dāng)前，中日關(guān)系的確比較困難，根子還是在于對(duì)那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、對(duì)歷史的認(rèn)識(shí)和能否始終保持正確的認(rèn)識(shí)。堅(jiān)持正確的歷史觀(guān)，就是要以史為鑒、面向未來(lái)。對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人來(lái)說(shuō)，不僅要繼承前人所創(chuàng)造的成就，也應(yīng)該擔(dān)負(fù)起前人罪行所帶來(lái)的歷史責(zé)任。當(dāng)年，日本軍國(guó)主義強(qiáng)加給中國(guó)人民的那場(chǎng)侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，給我們帶來(lái)了巨大的災(zāi)難，最終日本民眾也是受害者。在今年這樣一個(gè)重要的時(shí)刻，我認(rèn)為對(duì)中日關(guān)系既是檢驗(yàn)，也是機(jī)遇。如果日本領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人正視歷史，并且保持一貫，改善和發(fā)展中日關(guān)系就有新的契機(jī)，也自然會(huì)給中日經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造良好的條件。謝謝！

It's true that the current China-Japan relationship is in difficulty. The root of the problem is how that war and that part of the history are viewed. One needs to hold the right outlook on history and that means one needs to take history as mirror and at the same time look to the future.

For leaders of a country, while inheriting the historical achievements made by their forefathers, also need to show the historical responsibilities for crimes made in the past. The war of aggression imposed on the Chinese people by the Japanese militaries brought untold sufferings and the average people in Japan were also victims of that war. At such a critical moment this year, there is both a test and an opportunity for China-Japan relationship.

If leaders of Japan can face history squarely and maintain consistency in how they view that part of history, there will be opportunities for improvement and further growth of China-Japan relations. It will also create favorable conditions for the growth of business relationship between the two countries. Thank you.?

[新華社、新華網(wǎng)和新華社發(fā)布客戶(hù)端記者]

總理，您好。去年以來(lái)銀行不良貸款在持續(xù)攀升，影子銀行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)事件時(shí)有發(fā)生，同時(shí)一些地方陸續(xù)出現(xiàn)了還債高峰。一方面我們經(jīng)濟(jì)下行的壓力在加大，另一方面金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也在累積。請(qǐng)問(wèn)您對(duì)此怎么看？謝謝。

Q: I am with Xinhua News Agency. Since the beginning of last year, the banks of NPL ratio has been increasing, and cases of financial risk of shadow banking have occurred from time to time.

And soon many local governments need to have a lot of debt being paid. As the downward pressure on Chinese economy grows, how do you see these building up of financial risks?

[李克強(qiáng)]

剛才同時(shí)站起來(lái)兩個(gè)人，你說(shuō)了自己有兩個(gè)頭銜，也提了兩個(gè)以上的問(wèn)題，集中是在金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上。中國(guó)的確存在著個(gè)案性的金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但是我們完全可以守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性、區(qū)域性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

A: I think our financial risks are at the center of the questions you just raised. It's true that there have been individual cases of financial risks in China. But at the same time, we are fully capable of avoiding systemic and regional risks.

這是因?yàn)橹袊?guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)還處于合理區(qū)間，而且我們的儲(chǔ)蓄率比較高，地方政府性債務(wù)70%以上是投資性的，是有收益的，而且我們也正在規(guī)范債務(wù)平臺(tái)，堵后門(mén)、開(kāi)正門(mén)。就銀行來(lái)說(shuō)，資本充足率較高，撥備覆蓋面也較廣。雖然不良貸款也略有上升，但是在世界上仍處于比較低的水平。

Chinese economy continues to operate within the proper range, and there is a very high saving rate in China. Moreover, 70 percent of local governments' debts are in the form of investment, which supposes to have a quite good prospect for yielding returns. And we are also regulating these local governments financing vehicles to insure that we will keep the front doors open and at the same time to block those back doors.

At the same time, Chinese banks have very high capital adequacy ratio and ample previsions. It's true that there is non-performing alarm and the NPL ratio has picked up somewhat. But still the ratio of NPL in China is quite low internationally.

這里我要表明，我們?cè)试S個(gè)案性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生，按市場(chǎng)化的原則進(jìn)行清算，這是為了防止道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，也增強(qiáng)人們的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí)。今年，我們就要出臺(tái)存款保險(xiǎn)制度，而且要進(jìn)一步發(fā)展多層次的資本市場(chǎng)，降低企業(yè)的資金杠桿率，也可以使金融更好地為實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)服務(wù)。謝謝！

Individual financial cases of financial cases will be allowed with the encourage practices of balancing one's book in the market based way. We need to guard against moral hazard and raise the people's awareness of these financial risks.

This year, we are going to introduce this deposit insurance system and continue to develop multi-tiered capital markets and lower the companies leverage ratio. All these efforts will help insure the financial services can better serve the real economy.