新華社記者：您一直強調要重視激發市場主體活力，發揮市場主體在經濟發展中的重要作用?，F在有一些市場主體反映，在生產經營、公平競爭、市場環境等方面還有一些困難和障礙。請問今年政府將出臺哪些改革措施來助企紓困，讓他們煥發新的生機？
Xinhua News Agency: You have repeatedly stressed the importance of energizing market entities and leveraging their key role in driving economic development. At present, we are seeing that some market entities are still faced with difficulties or obstacles in terms of their production and operations, in fair competition and the market environment. What reform measures will the government take this year to alleviate their difficulties and revitalize those market entities?

李克強：去年我們推進改革，很突出的一點就是制定和實施宏觀政策時，圍繞市場主體的需求來考慮，助力市場主體脫困、激發活力，撐起中國經濟的基本盤。中國改革開放40多年來，我們發展社會主義市場經濟，不斷培育和發展市場主體。市場主體培育起來，就可以充分發揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用和更好發揮政府作用?！笆濉逼陂g的五年，我們的市場主體增加了6000多萬戶。去年在疫情沖擊下，后期快速恢復增長，現在市場主體總數已經達到一億三千多萬戶，而且去年個體工商戶又新增1000多萬戶，從8000多萬戶增加到9000多萬戶，帶動兩億多人就業。市場主體的活力激發、活躍度提高，這是政府推進改革的努力方向。
Premier Li: The centerpiece of our reform last year was to align our macro policies with the needs of market entities to provide them with relief and energize them in bid to consolidate the fundamentals of China's economy. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, we have been developing a socialist market economy to boost market entities so that the market can play its decisive role in allocating resources and the government can better play its role. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, over 60 million new market entities were registered. Last year, especially in its latter half, with the economic rebound, we saw another upsurge in the number of new market entities. Now there are some 130 million market entities in China. Last year, the number of self-employed individuals increased by over 10 million, rising from 80 million to the current 90 million, providing 200 million job opportunities. So the important purpose of China's reform agenda is to energize market entities.

今年我們政策的制定和實施，還是要繼續圍著市場主體轉，這就需要繼續推進“放管服”改革，讓市場主體不僅生存，而且活躍。去年我們說留得青山，就贏得未來，今年說留得市場主體的青山常在，就能夠生機盎然，使中國經濟的活力和韌性充分體現。所以轉變政府職能很重要的是要把市場主體應有的權限給他們，讓他們去發揮。對于審批環節，我們要繼續減環節、減材料、減費用、減時限。一方面為市場主體減負，另一方面為他們松綁，放開手腳去競爭。
We will continue to keep our policies well-aligned with the needs of market entities. This year, we will continue to reform government functions to better help market entities survive and thrive. Last year, we said we would help keep market entities afloat. This year we will work to sustain and revitalize the market actors, as their survival and thrival is critical for the vitality and resilience of China's economy. An important part of the reform of government functions is to allow market entities to make their own decisions wherever necessary. We will continue to streamline administrative review processes in terms of procedures, documents, fees and time needed to lessen the burdens on market entities and free up more space for them to compete freely on the market.

當然，要競爭就應當是公平的競爭，就必須有監管。管出公平、管出公正，這樣才能讓市場主體顯示真正的創造力。所以我們放管并重，創新監管方式，加強事中事后監管，這都是改革。我們支持“互聯網+”、物聯網這些新業態，但是對于坑蒙拐騙、造假失信，或者利用新業態的旗號去搞詐騙、非法集資的，就要堅決打擊，因為把市場攪亂了，沒有公平，競爭就不可能持續，就不可能展現更強的活力。
Competition needs to happen on a level-playing field. We will improve our regulation to ensure fairness on the market so that market entities can better show their creativity and innovation. We will streamline administration and also enhance supervision and regulation. That includes developing new regulatory approaches and enhancing compliance oversight. Those are all part of the reform package. We will continue to support the Internet Plus model and the Internet of Things as new forms of industry and business. We will combat such malpractices as cheating of marketplace, counterfeiting, acts of bad faith, fraud, and illegal fund-raising in the name of new forms of industry, because these malpractices disrupt market order and undermine fairness. Without fairness, neither competition nor market vitality would be possible.

政府還要進一步優化政務服務，為企業重質量、守誠信、精工細作去提高產品和服務競爭力來營造環境。對于政務服務中那些涉及企業、人民群眾經常要辦的事項，要努力做到網上辦、掌上辦、一次辦，讓市場主體有更強的活力，社會有創造力。
The government will deliver better services and foster an enabling environment for all companies who put quality first, act in good faith and concentrate on making their products and services more competitive. As for those high-demand government services, we will work hard to make them accessible on-line through smart phones on a one-stop basis to better energize market entities and boost social creativity.

臺灣無線衛星電視臺記者：今年年初，臺灣方面表示希望跟大陸能夠在后疫情時代恢復交流。與此同時，兩岸關系目前并沒有看到和緩的跡象，請問大陸方面對此怎么看，未來又如何因應？
TVBS of Taiwan: Early this year, Taiwan expressed hope for resumed cross-Strait exchanges with the mainland in the post-COVID era. However, so far, we have yet to see signs of an easing situation across the Taiwan Strait. What is the view of the mainland on the current situation? And what does the mainland intend to do in the future?

李克強：我們對臺的大政方針是一貫的，也是非常明確的，就是堅持一個中國原則和“九二共識”。在此前提下，我們歡迎臺灣任何政黨、團體同我們交往，也歡迎臺灣各黨派團體人士就兩岸關系和民族未來與我們開展對話。
Premier Li: Our principle and policy towards Taiwan have been consistent and clear-cut. We remain committed to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus. On that basis, we welcome exchanges with any political party or group from Taiwan, and we welcome dialogue with any party, group or personage of Taiwan on cross-Strait relations and future of the nation.

我們堅持推進兩岸關系和平發展和祖國統一，反對任何形式的“臺獨”分裂活動，也反對外部勢力的干涉。
We will continue to promote peaceful development of cross-Strait relations and China's reunification. We are opposed to any form of separatist activities seeking "Taiwan independence" and foreign interference in cross-Strait affairs.

我們一直秉持“兩岸一家親”的理念。這幾年出臺了很多惠及臺企臺胞的政策，不少臺灣企業和同胞從中受益。我們會繼續讓臺灣同胞分享大陸的發展機遇，繼續推動兩岸融合發展。
We always believe that people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to one and the same family. That is why in recent years, we have introduced a series of policies that benefit Taiwan companies and compatriots, and many have benefited from such policy measures. We will continue to enable Taiwan compatriots to share in the development opportunities on the mainland and promote integrated development across the Taiwan Strait.

人民日報社記者：受疫情等因素影響，民生領域一些難題凸顯，如就醫、子女教育、養老托幼等成為我國經濟社會發展的短板，也影響了人民群眾的獲得感和幸福感。請問政府打算從哪些方面著手來解決這些難題？
People's Daily: The COVID-19 pandemic has made some difficulties related to people's lives more acute, including in the areas of medical services, education, elderly and child care. This has been an area of weakness in our country's economic and social development, and our people have not felt as many gains or as much happiness as they deserve. What measures will the government take to tackle these problems?

李克強：今年政府總支出比去年略有增加，盤子不小，所以要更多地向量大面廣的民生領域傾斜，特別是義務教育和基本醫療。如果下半年經濟持續向好，那么會下更大的力度把財政支出包括債務支出投向這些領域。這對拉動當年GDP增長可能不明顯，但是對于長遠發展、惠民生有支撐作用。我們要堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，這是習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的重要內容，人民的政府就應當以民之所望為施政所向。
Premier Li: With a modest increase over the previous year, total fiscal spending for this year is of no small amount, and will be weighted towards the wide range of areas related to people's lives, especially compulsory education and basic medical care. If the economy keeps the positive momentum in the second half of the year, we intend to channel a greater share of budgetary expenditures and funds raised by issuing government bonds to these areas. Such inputs may not make a big difference in driving GDP growth for the current year, but they are critical for laying a solid foundation for China's long-term development and bettering people's lives. We must continue to implement the development thinking of putting people at the center, which is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Our government is a people's government. It must respond to the people's needs.

教育和健康關系到每個家庭、國家與民族的未來。我在兩會參加代表團審議時，一位中學校長說，現在縣鄉中學還缺乏優質的教師資源，教師的待遇不高，學歷也很難提高。我們今年要下決心，加大對縣鄉教師培訓的投入，讓他們能夠在職便利地提高學歷，職稱評定要采取傾斜政策。對于在城市的農民工子弟，只要拿到居住證，一定要讓他們有受教育的機會。決不能因為家境、區域不同，讓孩子輸在起跑線上。機會公平中，教育公平是最大的公平。
Education and health concerns the future of every family and every nation. While I was attending the deliberation of a provincial delegation during the two sessions this year, the headmaster of a secondary school told me that in county and township secondary schools, quality teachers are in short supply. Their pay packages are inadequate and it is difficult for them to further their education. This year we will scale up on-the-job training for teachers in counties and townships to help them further their education. Preferential arrangement will be made for their professional title assessment. Children of rural migrant workers in cities with urban residency permits must be given an opportunity for education. No child should be put at a disadvantage because of his/her family background or where he/she comes from. Educational fairness is most important in ensuring equal access to opportunities.

健康是幸福的基礎，也是生產力?，F在縣鄉基層的醫療機構和力量還比較薄弱，很多人有病往大城市大醫院跑。今年我們要多措并舉加大對縣鄉醫院、衛生院的投入，對于擴大門診醫保報銷范圍和常見病藥品報銷范圍、降低藥品和高值醫用耗材價格等，都要采取一些讓群眾切實感受得到的措施。也就是說，要讓群眾看病多一點便利，治病少一點負擔。這也有利于鞏固脫貧攻堅成果，防止因病返貧致貧。
Good health is the foundation of happiness. It is also in itself a productive force. Our medical institutions in counties and townships are still weak, hence people have to go to big hospitals in big cities for medical treatment. This year we will increase funding support for medical institutions, including health clinics, in counties and townships, through multiple channels. The government will also take a series of concrete steps, including expanding the coverage of reimbursement of outpatient bills and medical expenses for common disease drugs, and lowering the prices of drugs and high-priced consumables. The purpose is to help make access to medical services easier and lessen the financial burden on patients. This will also help consolidate the gains we have made in ending abject poverty, so that people won't go back into poverty because of falling ill.

在養老托幼方面，政府還要通過引導社會力量來興辦社區服務業，盡可能在稅收等方面給予優惠支持，給家庭在養老托幼方面不僅減輕一點負擔，也多一點溫暖。總之，民生方面的事很多，我們要在發展中持續改善民生。我們現在實施的是廣覆蓋、?；镜纳鐣Ｕ现贫取１；?，要在經濟發展中持續提高水平，但也要突出重點。對于事關人人、事關國家和民族未來的義務教育和基本醫療，各級政府一定要扛在肩上。
In terms of elderly and child care, we will rely more on private actors in running community-based services in these areas. They will receive tax breaks and other preferential policies from the government, so that each and every family will have less burden in terms of elderly and child care and feel the warmth of government support. In a word, there are still many areas where a lot needs to be done to improve people's lives and we need to tackle these problems in the course of development. Our country's social security system intends to meet people's basic needs with a broad-based coverage. While strengthening social protection through development, we must also keep our focus on the top priorities. Compulsory education and basic medical care are things that concern each and every individual as well as the future of our country and nation. Governments at all levels must fully live up to their responsibilities in these fields.

新加坡聯合早報記者：中國提出加快構建以國內大循環為主體、國內國際雙循環相互促進的新發展格局。請問這是不是中國在美國等西方國家“圍堵”下被迫采取的某種戰略收縮？另外，在中國發展國內大循環、構建超大規模的國內市場的時候會帶來怎樣的變化？留給外資的空間未來會不會越來越小？
Lianhe Zaobao: China said it will foster a new development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international calculations reinforcing each other. I wonder if this is a kind of strategic retreat that China feels compelled to make due to the encirclement by the United States and other Western countries. As China develops domestic circulation and builds a supersized domestic market, what changes will that effect? Will it mean a dwindling space for foreign investment?

李克強：中國提出要立足新發展階段、貫徹新發展理念、構建新發展格局，以國內大循環為主體，國內國際雙循環相互促進，這既是要做大國內市場，也是要擴大開放。中國經濟已經深度融入世界經濟，可以說你中有我、我中有你，關起門來是沒有出路的。中國會不斷地、主動地擴大開放，這是中國自身利益的需要，也有利于世界。中國把內需市場做大，帶動自身發展，也會給外資、外國產品和服務帶來巨大的機會。我在參加代表團審議的時候，一位企業家說，抓住內循環就是要開拓國內市場，抓住雙循環就是要開拓國際市場，兩個市場還可以打通。他說得很樸實，但言簡意賅。
Premier Li: China will have a keen grasp of the new development stage, implement the new development philosophy, and move faster to foster a new development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other. This is to boost our domestic market and open China wider to the world. The Chinese economy has become deeply integrated into the global economy. Shutting its door to the world will lead nowhere. We will continue to take the initiative to open wider. This is what we need to do and it is also beneficial for the whole world. Rising domestic demand in China will drive its own development and present great opportunity for foreign investment, products and services. While I was attending the deliberation of a provincial delegation, an entrepreneur said that if one gets the domestic circulation, it will help him leverage the domestic market; by getting dual circulation, one will be in a good position to leverage the international markets, and the two markets can be linked up. He made the case in a simple and succinct way.

開放還需要各國共同努力，相向而行。經過8年的努力，去年東盟10國、中、日、韓、澳、新15國談成了RCEP協定，這是世界上最大的自貿區，是不同社會制度、文化習俗，不同發展階段國家共同建設的。這說明，只要相互尊重、平等相待，可以談出共識，找到共同利益，擴大各國人民的福祉，而且有助于地區產業鏈、供應鏈的穩定，會給世界經濟增添動力。中國是世界產業鏈、供應鏈的重要組成部分，我們不僅要發揮自身的作用，而且要履行自身的責任，維護以世貿組織規則為基礎的多邊貿易體制。只要是對互利共贏有利的，無論是多邊、雙邊的機制，我們都持積極開放的態度。
Openness calls for joint efforts among countries. Last year, after eight years of negotiations, 15 countries, namely the 10 ASEAN countries, China, Japan, the ROK, Australia and New Zealand, concluded the RCEP agreement, the largest FTA in the world. This is an FTA among countries different in social system, cultural heritage and stage of development. Its conclusion shows that with mutual respect and equality, countries with such differences can work things through, reach consensus, identify common interests and add to the good of people of these countries. This agreement is also important for keeping regional industrial and supply chains stable and boosting global economic growth. China is an important component of the world industrial and supply chains. China will continue to play its due role and live up to its due responsibilities. We will continue to uphold the multilateral trading regime based on WTO rules, and China has a positive and open attitude towards any multilateral or bilateral mechanism that helps achieve mutual benefit.

我們會進一步主動地對外開放，繼續縮減外商來華投資負面清單，繼續推動包括服務業在內的對外開放。我注意到，很多外企關心中國的營商環境，我們還要繼續打造市場化、法治化、國際化的營商環境?？偠灾ㄟ^多種努力，在擴大內需中不斷擴大開放，繼續讓中國成為外商投資的重要目的地、世界的大市場。
We will continue to take the initiative to open further. We will further shorten the negative list on market access for foreign investors and further open up our services and other sectors. I know that foreign investors following keenly the development of China's business environment. We will continue to foster a world-class, market-oriented business climate governed by a sound legal framework. We believe that by taking various actions to expand domestic demand and further open up, China will remain a key destination for foreign investment and a big market to the world.

記者會采用網絡視頻形式進行，主會場設在人民大會堂三樓金色大廳，分會場設在梅地亞兩會新聞中心。記者會歷時約110分鐘。
The Press Conference was held via video link between the main venue, the Golden Hall on the third floor of the Great Hall of the People, and the Press Center for the NPC and CPPCC Sessions at Media Center Hotel. It lasted for about 110 minutes.