你知道世界各國最受歡迎的大學專業都是什么嗎？《青春時光》雜志（Youth Time magazine）開展的一項全球調查得出的結果可能會讓你大吃一驚。

調查結果顯示，中國人最愛理工科，印度人則偏愛藝術和法律，美國人和德國人對醫學和工程學情有獨鐘，澳大利亞是唯一一個不待見IT專業的國家。除了俄羅斯外，商務管理專業在世界各國都很吃香。

一起來看看這些專業選擇潮流的背后原因。

China: 7 out of the Top 10 are STEM majors, showing absolute dominance

中國：最受歡迎的10個專業中有7個是理工科專業

According to China University Alumni Association, among those who score well enough in China’s highly competitive exam system to get into university, 19.39% choose to study Economics and 19.06% select Business Management, which means business & management related majors account for almost half of the popular majors.

根據中華校友會的信息，通過中國競爭激烈的考試體系被大學錄取的學生當中，19.39%的人選擇經濟學專業，19.06%的人選擇商務管理專業，這意味著經管類專業幾乎占據了熱門專業的半壁江山。

The third most popular major in China is Informatics Engineering (6.87%) followed tightly by Law (6.53%). From No. 5 to No. 10, the most popular majors are almost all STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) majors such as Biological Sciences (5.93%), IT and Computer Sciences (5.72%), Architecture (3.84%), Physics (3.37%) and Automation Engineering (3.23%).

在中國熱度排行第三的專業是信息工程學專業（6.87%），緊隨其后的是法學專業（6.53%）。排名第五到第十的熱門專業幾乎都是理工科（STEM代表科學、技術、工程學和數學），包括生物科學（5.93%）、信息技術和計算機科學（5.72%）、建筑學（3.84%）、物理學（3.37%）和自動化工程學（3.23%）。

It’s not until No. 11 that some social science majors such as Chinese language and literature, foreign language studies and journalism appear.

直到第11名才開始出現一些社會科學類專業，比如漢語言文學、外國語和新聞學專業。

Chinese higher education emphasizes STEM education due to historical reasons.

中國高等教育重視理工科是有其歷史原因的。

When the Chinese started their reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s, the country urgently needed scientific professionals for industrial development, and the Chinese preference for STEM is rooted in that period.

上世紀80年代中國開始實施改革開放政策時，國家急需科技人才來發展工業，中國人對于理工科的偏好就是從那時候開始的。

"Master mathematics, physics and chemistry, you can find a position all over the country” was one of the most famous national slogans.

當時全國有一句非常有名的口號叫：“學好數理化，走遍天下都不怕?！?/p>

US: Health, Psychology, Biology, American students like to explore human beings

美國：健康、心理學和生物學這些探索人體奧秘的專業很受歡迎

Business and Management are the most popular subjects in the US (289,384 degrees).

商務管理是美國最熱門的專業（28萬9384個學位）。

Health-related programs such as Nursing are next in line (141,632 degrees). Psychology and Biological and Biomedical Sciences run almost neck and neck (127,066 degrees and 120,375 degrees, respectively).

其次是護理等健康相關專業（14萬1632個學位）。心理學和生物及生物醫學專業難分伯仲（分別是12萬7066個學位和12萬375個學位）。

The 5th place belongs to Engineering, with 117,553 degrees awarded.

排行第五的熱門專業是工程學，每年授出11萬7553個學位。

Social science majors such as Education (102,219) follow up, and the difference between Communications (98,949) and Finance and Accounting (98,663) is rather small.

接下來是教育學（10萬2219個學位）等社會科學專業，傳播學專業（9萬8949個學位）和財會專業（9萬8663個學位）二者的熱度沒什么差別。

A little bit surprisingly, Anthropology and Sociology (57,630) beat Computer Science (55,843) and have moved into the top 10.

有點意外的是，人類學與社會學（5萬7630個學位）打敗了計算機科學（5萬5843個學位），躋身前十。

The trends in prevailing college majors in the US connect directly to the average starting salary.

美國熱門專業的潮流和平均起薪直接相關。

Graduates with a degree in Business Administration receive $41,245 as a starting salary with an average mid-career salary of $70,694.00, higher than the average level of compensation of graduates in any other major, which is the biggest motivation that drives not only American students but most youngsters around the world.

擁有商務管理學位的畢業生平均起薪為4萬1245美元（約合人民幣26萬元），職業生涯中期的平均年薪為7萬694美元，高于其他任何專業畢業生的平均薪酬水平。這是激勵美國學生和全球多數學生攻讀商務管理專業的最大動力。

The traditional high demand for medical services has helped to spur the popularity of medical and health-related programs.

對于醫療服務的傳統高需求提升了醫學和健康相關專業的熱度。

According to market research, doctors and nurses almost never face the unemployment issue: even when economic crises take place, medical workers usually are able to keep their jobs.

市場調查顯示，醫生和護士幾乎不用擔心失業問題：即使發生經濟危機，醫療工作者通常也能保住自己的工作。

Notably, in the US, a general psychology degree will open doors for students to find jobs in social work, marketing and human resources, similar to Education and Communications.

值得注意的是，在美國，一個普通心理學學位和教育學、傳播學學位一樣，能讓學生找到社會工作、市場營銷和人力資源方面的工作。

The UK: Social science receives a relatively warm response

英國：社會科學類專業比較吃香

Respecting the UK, data from the British Higher Education Statistics Agency illustrate that Business & Administrative studies are the most popular subjects (342,970).

英國高等教育統計局的數據表明，商務和行政管理是英國最熱門的專業（34萬2970個學位）。

Subjects allied to Medicine and Biological Sciences are the second and third (288,065 and 233,970 respectively).

醫藥和生物科學類專業的熱度排行第二和第三，分別授出28萬8065個學位和23萬3970個學位。

Social Studies receive a warm welcome among young people as well (229,360). The 5th, 6th and 7th are respectively Creative Arts & Design (178,415), Engineering & Technology (164,975) and Education (145,445), and the differences among them are similar.

社會學專業也受到了年輕人的青睞（22萬9360個學位）。第五、第六和第七名分別是創意藝術與設計（17萬8415個學位）、工程與技術（16萬4975個學位）和教育學（14萬5445個學位），這三者的熱度差別不大。

The other two subjects that have over 100,000 students are Computer Science (107,250) and Languages (103,545). Physical Science (95,720) is also close to this number.

攻讀學生數量破10萬的另外兩個專業是計算機科學（10萬7250個學位）和語言類（10萬3545個學位）。物理學專業（9萬5720個學位）的學生數量也接近10萬。

Social Studies are more popular in the UK than in America.

社會科學在英國比在美國更受歡迎。

For example, UK universities are among the oldest universities that offer law courses.

舉例來說，英國的大學是最早提供法學課程的大學。

Therefore, reflecting this long and rich tradition, UK law degrees have become very popular (and indeed highly competitive) for its students.

因此，考慮到如此悠久而豐富的傳統，英國法學學位非常受學生歡迎，確實也很有競爭力。

Another large absolute increase can be found in Creative Arts & Design degrees.

另一個人氣大漲的專業是創意藝術與設計。

The Higher Education Statistics Agency attributes this popularity to the increase in part-time students, among which there was a 19% increase in students studying Creative Arts & Design between 2015/16 and 2016/17.

英國高等教育統計局將其歸功于非全日制學生數量的增多，2015-2016學年和2016-2017學年攻讀創意藝術與設計專業的學生增加了19%。

英文來源：Youth Time

翻譯&編輯：丹妮