英國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫調(diào)查顯示，自新冠疫情暴發(fā)以來，由于供應(yīng)鏈緊張和消費(fèi)者需求變化，許多大城市生活成本上漲。以色列特拉維夫在2021全球城市生活成本排名中位列第一，這是特拉維夫市首次位居榜首。中國有兩個城市也躋身榜單前20位。

All over the world, it's been a tough year on wallets.

對于世界各地而言，今年都是荷包吃緊的一年。

Supply-chain blockages and changing consumer demand have pushed up the cost of living in many of our biggest cities, according to new research published Wednesday, and inflation is the fastest recorded over the past five years.

12月1日發(fā)布的新調(diào)查報告顯示，供應(yīng)鏈阻塞和消費(fèi)者需求變化讓許多大城市的生活成本水漲船高，通脹速度也達(dá)到了五年來的最高水平。

One city has been experiencing more rapid change than most, jumping from fifth place to first in this year's Worldwide Cost of Living index released by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU).

根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫發(fā)布的2021全球生活成本指數(shù)，有一個城市的生活成本上漲速度尤其快，從第五名躍升到了第一名。

The Israeli city of Tel Aviv topped the rankings for the first time, overtaking last year's leader Paris, which is now tied in second place with Singapore.

以色列特拉維夫市首次位居榜首，去年排名第一的巴黎今年和新加坡并列第二。

The EIU attributes Tel Aviv's sharp rise on the index to increases to grocery and transport prices and the strength of the Israeli shekel against the US dollar.

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫將特拉維夫市的指數(shù)飆升歸結(jié)于食品雜貨價格和交通費(fèi)用的上漲，以及以色列謝克爾對美元匯率上漲。

The 2021 Worldwide Cost of Living index tracks the cost of living across 173 global cities -- 40 more than last year -- and compares the price of more than 200 everyday products and services.

2021全球生活成本指數(shù)追蹤了全球173個城市的生活成本（比去年多了40個），并比較了200多種日常用品和服務(wù)的價格。

Data for the survey, which has been carried out for more than three decades, is gathered by EIU's global team of researchers each March and September.

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查已經(jīng)開展了三十多年，每年3月和9月經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫的全球研究團(tuán)隊(duì)都會收集數(shù)據(jù)。

The index is benchmarked against prices in New York City, hence cities with currencies that are stronger against the US dollar are likely to appear higher in the rankings.

全球生活成本指數(shù)以紐約市物價為基準(zhǔn)，因此本幣比美元堅(jiān)挺的城市通常排名更靠前。

Zurich and Hong Kong are at Nos. four and five respectively, having held the top spot last year alongside Paris. New York, Geneva, Copenhagen, Los Angeles and Osaka round up the rest of the top 10.

蘇黎世和香港分別排在第四和第五位，去年巴黎、香港、蘇黎世生活成本并列全球第一。生活成本排名前十的城市還有紐約、日內(nèi)瓦、哥本哈根、洛杉磯和大阪。

The upper rankings continue to be dominated by European and developed Asian cities. The lowest-ranking cities are mainly in the Middle East, Africa and less wealthy parts of Asia.

歐洲城市和亞洲發(fā)達(dá)城市依然名列前茅。排名墊底的主要分布在中東、非洲和比較貧困的亞洲地區(qū)。

The EIU reports that, on average, prices for the goods and services covered by the index have risen by 3.5% year on year in local-currency terms, compared with an increase of just 1.9% this time last year.

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫報告稱，按照當(dāng)?shù)刎泿艠?biāo)準(zhǔn)，該指數(shù)所涵蓋的商品和服務(wù)價格和去年同期相比平均上升了3.5%，相比之下，去年同比僅上升1.9%。

Those much-reported global supply-chain problems have contributed to price rises and the Covid-19 pandemic and social restrictions are still affecting production and trade around the world. With a new coronavirus variant currently causing widespread alarm, these issues won't be going away in a hurry.

被廣泛報道的全球供應(yīng)鏈問題導(dǎo)致了物價上升。與此同時，新冠疫情和社交限制措施依然影響著世界各地的生產(chǎn)和貿(mào)易。眼下隨著新變種毒株的蔓延引發(fā)普遍恐慌，這些問題不可能很快得到解決。

Rising oil prices drove a 21% increase in the price of unleaded petrol, reports the EIU, but there were also big price hikes in the recreation, tobacco and personal care categories.

據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫報告，原油價格上升導(dǎo)致無鉛汽油價格上漲了21%，但是娛樂、煙草、個人護(hù)理等行業(yè)也出現(xiàn)了大幅漲價。

The highest-rising city in 2021 was the Iranian city of Tehran, which jumped 50 places from No.79 to No.29 as US sanctions resulted in shortages and higher prices.

2021年排名上升最快的城市是伊朗德黑蘭，從去年的79名躍升50位至29名，原因是美國制裁導(dǎo)致物資短缺、物價高企。

The Syrian city of Damascus once again ranks as the cheapest city in the world, as its war-torn economy continues to struggle. Damascus and Tehran suffered from very high inflation in 2021, as did Caracas in Venezuela and Buenos Aires in Argentina.

在長年戰(zhàn)亂的重創(chuàng)下，經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣的敘利亞大馬士革再度成為全球最便宜城市。大馬士革和德黑蘭2021年的通脹指數(shù)都非常高，委內(nèi)瑞拉的加拉加斯和阿根廷的布宜諾斯艾利斯也同樣遭遇了高通脹。

一起來看看這份全球生活成本最高城市榜單：

1. Tel Aviv, Israel 以色列特拉維夫

2. (tie) Paris, France （并列第二）法國巴黎

2. (tie) Singapore （并列第二）新加坡

4. Zurich, Switzerland 瑞士蘇黎世

5. Hong Kong, China 中國香港

6. New York City, New York 紐約

7. Geneva, Switzerland 瑞士日內(nèi)瓦

8. Copenhagen, Denmark 丹麥哥本哈根

9. Los Angeles, California 美國加州洛杉磯

10. Osaka, Japan 日本大阪

11. Oslo, Norway 挪威奧斯陸

12. Seoul, South Korea 韓國首爾

13. Tokyo, Japan 日本東京

14. (tie) Vienna, Austria （并列第十四）奧地利維也納

14. (tie) Sydney, Australia （并列第十四）澳大利亞悉尼

16. Melbourne, Australia 澳大利亞墨爾本

17. (tie) Helsinki, Finland （并列第十七）芬蘭赫爾辛基

17. (tie) London, UK （并列第十七）英國倫敦

19. (tie) Dublin, Ireland （并列第十九）愛爾蘭都柏林

19. (tie) Frankfurt, Germany（并列第十九）德國法蘭克福

19. (tie) Shanghai, China（并列第十九）中國上海

英文來源：美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)

翻譯&編輯：丹妮