1月21日，習近平總書記在省部級主要領導干部堅持底線思維著力防范化解重大風險專題研討班開班式上發表重要講話。他指出，當前，我國形勢總體上是好的，黨中央領導堅強有力，全黨“四個意識”、“四個自信”、“兩個維護”顯著增強，意識形態領域態勢積極健康向上，經濟保持著穩中求進的態勢，全國各族人民同心同德、斗志昂揚，社會大局保持穩定。

In his speech, Xi analyzed and raised specific requirements on the prevention and defusion of major risks in areas including politics, ideology, economy, science and technology, society, the external environment and Party building.
習近平在講話中就防范化解政治、意識形態、經濟、科技、社會、外部環境、黨的建設等領域重大風險作出深刻分析、提出明確要求。

政治、意識形態領域

Xi urged Party committees and governments at all levels to pursue a holistic approach to national security and follow the requirements of the CPC Central Committee to ensure China's political security.
各級黨委和政府要堅決貫徹總體國家安全觀，落實黨中央關于維護政治安全的各項要求，確保我國政治安全。

He called for continuous efforts to strengthen the influence of the mainstream tone in public communication and guidance on public opinion, and accelerate the establishment of a system for integrated internet management to promote a law-based cyberspace.
要持續鞏固壯大主流輿論強勢，加大輿論引導力度，加快建立網絡綜合治理體系，推進依法治網。

Priority should be given to strengthening the ideological and political education among the young, building up their full confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics so as to nurture a generation of capable young people who are well-prepared to join the socialist cause, Xi said.
要高度重視對青年一代的思想政治工作，增強中國特色社會主義道路、理論、制度、文化自信，確保青年一代成為社會主義建設者和接班人。

經濟領域

China's economy is generally in good shape while facing profound and complicated international and domestic changes, Xi said, adding that it is inevitable to come across challenges in pushing ahead with supply-side structural reform.
當前我國經濟形勢總體是好的，但經濟發展面臨的國際環境和國內條件都在發生深刻而復雜的變化，推進供給側結構性改革過程中不可避免會遇到一些困難和挑戰。

Noting the new and worrisome developments amid generally steady economic operation, Xi called for maintaining strategic resolve by advancing growth in the right direction while being ever ready to determine and deal with potential major economic risks.
經濟運行穩中有變、變中有憂，我們既要保持戰略定力，推動我國經濟發展沿著正確方向前進；又要增強憂患意識，未雨綢繆，精準研判、妥善應對經濟領域可能出現的重大風險。

Efforts should be made to balance stabilizing growth and guarding against risks, Xi stressed.
各地區各部門要平衡好穩增長和防風險的關系。

It is necessary to introduce a long-term mechanism to maintain the sound development of the real estate market in a steady manner, he said.
要穩妥實施房地產市場平穩健康發展長效機制方案。

Market sentiment analysis should be strengthened, evaluations should be made for impact of new policies on the financial markets, public expectations should be better guided, and market monitoring and regulation coordination should be enhanced to address risks timely, he said.
要加強市場心理分析，做好政策出臺對金融市場影響的評估，善于引導預期。要加強市場監測，加強監管協調，及時消除隱患。

Xi called for concrete measures to make financing for medium-sized, small and micro firms easier and affordable, and to stabilize and support employment.
要切實解決中小微企業融資難融資貴問題，加大援企穩崗力度。

Great efforts are needed to deal with challenges facing the disposal of "zombie enterprises" to speed up the clearing up and unleash untapped resources, he said.
要加大力度妥善處理“僵尸企業”處置中的問題，加快推動市場出清，釋放大量沉淀資源。

Effective steps should be taken to stabilize employment, the financial market, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment and expectations to keep economic growth within a reasonable range, Xi said.
各地區各部門要采取有效措施，做好穩就業、穩金融、穩外貿、穩外資、穩投資、穩預期工作，保持經濟運行在合理區間。

科技領域

Xi stressed security in the field of science and technology, noting that the overall efficiency of the innovation system should be improved.
要加強科技領域安全建設，提高創新體系整體效能。

He called for efforts to build up the strengths of the system and mechanism for independent innovation, accelerate the establishment of national laboratories, restructure national key laboratory system and set up major innovation bases and platforms.
要建立自主創新的制度機制優勢，抓緊布局國家實驗室，重組國家重點實驗室體系，建設重大創新基地和創新平臺。

Xi also urged strengthening the organization of major scientific and technological missions concerning national security and the overall economic and social development.
要強化事關國家安全和經濟社會發展全局的重大科技任務的統籌組織。

He noted that efforts should be made to accelerate establishing an early warning and monitoring system to ensure scientific and technological security, as well as to promote the legislation work concerning artificial intelligence, gene editing, medical diagnosis, autopilot, drones and service robots.
要加快科技安全預警監測體系建設，圍繞人工智能、基因編輯、醫療診斷、自動駕駛、無人機、服務機器人等領域，加快推進相關立法工作。

社會領域

To maintain social stability, more efforts should be made in areas including employment, education, social security, medicine and health care, food security, workplace safety, public security and the macro-regulation of the housing market, to continuously enhance people's sense of fulfillment, happiness and security, Xi said.
要切實落實保安全、護穩定各項措施，全面做好就業、教育、社會保障、醫藥衛生、食品安全、安全生產、社會治安、住房市場調控等各方面工作，不斷增加人民群眾獲得感、幸福感、安全感。

He called for strong and swift action in both protecting people's rights and busting illegal and criminal activities, and said that preventing and cracking down on crime should be coordinated with measures to reduce risks and maintain stability when dealing with economic cases involving large numbers of victims.
要堅持保障合法權益和打擊違法犯罪兩手都要硬、都要快。對涉眾型經濟案件受損群體，要堅持把防范打擊犯罪同化解風險、維護穩定統籌起來。

"Battles against gang crimes must go on," Xi said, asking for the innovation and improvement of the crime prevention and control system to keep a strong deterrence against criminal acts.
要繼續推進掃黑除惡專項斗爭，要創新完善社會治安防控體系，保持對刑事犯罪的高壓震懾態勢。

He also called for an advance in the modernization of social governance, so the capability and quality to maintaining social stability at the roots could be enhanced.
要推進社會治理現代化，從源頭上提升維護社會穩定能力和水平。

外部環境領域

Xi said it was imperative to reinforce the protection of the country's overseas interests and ensure the safety of major overseas projects, personnel and organizations.
要加強海外利益保護，確保海外重大項目和人員機構安全。

Calling for efforts to jointly build and improve a security guarantee system for the Belt and Road Initiative, Xi stressed the need to safeguard sovereignty, security and development interests, as well as to create a sound external environment for China's reform, development and stability.
要完善共建“一帶一路”安全保障體系，堅決維護主權、安全、發展利益，為我國改革發展穩定營造良好外部環境。

黨的建設領域

Hailing marked progress in exercising strict governance over the Party since the 18th CPC National Congress, Xi warned against the long-term and complex nature of the tests confronting the Party as they relate to long-term governance, reform and opening up, the market economy, and the external environment.
黨的十八大以來，全面從嚴治黨清除了黨內存在的嚴重隱患，成效是顯著的。黨面臨的長期執政考驗、改革開放考驗、市場經濟考驗、外部環境考驗具有長期性和復雜性。

The Party must fully recognize the intensity and severity of the dangers of a lack of drive, incompetence, disengagement from the people, inaction, and corruption, he said.
黨面臨的精神懈怠危險、能力不足危險、脫離群眾危險、消極腐敗危險具有尖銳性和嚴峻性。

The whole Party must closely follow the Central Committee in terms of their thinking, political orientation and actions, Xi demanded.
全黨要自覺在思想上政治上行動上同黨中央保持高度一致。

"We have secured a sweeping victory in the fight against corruption since the 18th CPC National Congress, but the fight has not been thoroughly won," he said, noting that tough and prolonged steps must be taken in the anti-graft drive.
黨的十八大以來，我們取得了反腐敗斗爭壓倒性勝利，但反腐敗斗爭還沒有取得徹底勝利，堅決打好反腐敗斗爭攻堅戰、持久戰。

對各級黨委、政府和領導干部的要求

Xi stressed that preventing and resolving major risks is the political responsibility of Party committees, governments and leading officials at various levels.
防范化解重大風險，是各級黨委、政府和領導干部的政治職責。

"It entails an energetic and tenacious spirit of struggle to guard against and defuse major risks," he said, urging leading officials to "dare to take on responsibilities and struggle."
防范化解重大風險，需要有充沛頑強的斗爭精神。領導干部要敢于擔當、敢于斗爭。