政府工作報告
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2019年3月5日在第十三屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議上
Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China, March 2019

國務院總理　李克強
Li Keqiang
Premier of the State Council

各位代表：
Fellow Deputies,

現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協委員提出意見。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government and ask for your deliberation and approval. I also invite comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2018年工作回顧
I. 2018 in Review

過去一年是全面貫徹黨的十九大精神開局之年，是本屆政府依法履職第一年。我國發展面臨多年少有的國內外復雜嚴峻形勢，經濟出現新的下行壓力。在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，砥礪奮進，攻堅克難，完成全年經濟社會發展主要目標任務，決勝全面建成小康社會又取得新的重大進展。
The year 2018 was the first year for putting the guiding principles of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China fully into effect. It was also this government’s first to perform, in accordance with law, the functions of office. In pursuing development this year, China faced a complicated and challenging domestic and international environment of a kind rarely seen in many years, and its economy came under new downward pressure. Under the firm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, forged ahead and overcame difficulties. The year’s main targets for economic and social development were accomplished, and in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we made major progress toward a decisive victory.

——經濟運行保持在合理區間。國內生產總值增長6.6%，總量突破90萬億元。經濟增速與用電、貨運等實物量指標相匹配。居民消費價格上漲2.1%。國際收支基本平衡。城鎮新增就業1361萬人、調查失業率穩定在5%左右的較低水平。近14億人口的發展中大國，實現了比較充分就業。
The main economic indicators were kept within an appropriate range. Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 6.6 percent, exceeding 90 trillion yuan. Economic growth matched electricity consumption, freight transport, and other indicators. Consumer prices rose by 2.1 percent. In the balance of payments a basic equilibrium was maintained. A further 13.61 million new urban jobs were added, and the surveyed unemployment rate remained stable at a comparatively low level of around 5 percent. As a big developing country with a population close to 1.4 billion, we have attained relatively full employment.

——經濟結構不斷優化。消費拉動經濟增長作用進一步增強。服務業對經濟增長貢獻率接近60%，高技術產業、裝備制造業增速明顯快于一般工業，農業再獲豐收。單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.1%。質量和效益繼續提升。
Economic structure was further improved. Consumption continued to play an increasing role in driving economic growth. The service sector’s contribution to growth approached 60 percent. Growth in high-tech industries and equipment manufacturing outstripped that of other industries. Harvests were again good. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 3.1 percent. The quality and returns of growth continued to improve.

——發展新動能快速成長。嫦娥四號等一批重大科技創新成果相繼問世。新興產業蓬勃發展，傳統產業加快轉型升級。大眾創業萬眾創新深入推進，日均新設企業超過1.8萬戶，市場主體總量超過1億戶。新動能正在深刻改變生產生活方式、塑造中國發展新優勢。
New growth drivers grew rapidly. A number of major scientific and technological innovations were made, like the Chang’e-4 lunar probe. Emerging industries thrived and traditional industries saw faster transformation and upgrading. Business startups and innovation continued to surge nationwide, with an average of over 18,000 new businesses opening daily and the total number of market entities passing the 100 million mark. New growth drivers are now profoundly changing our mode of production and way of life, creating new strengths for China’s development.

——改革開放取得新突破。國務院及地方政府機構改革順利實施。重點領域改革邁出新的步伐，市場準入負面清單制度全面實行，簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革力度加大，營商環境國際排名大幅上升。對外開放全方位擴大，共建“一帶一路”取得重要進展。首屆中國國際進口博覽會成功舉辦，海南自貿試驗區啟動建設。貨物進出口總額超過30萬億元，實際使用外資1383億美元、穩居發展中國家首位。
New breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up. Institutional reforms of both the State Council and local governments were implemented smoothly. New progress was made in reform in key fields. The negative list system for market access was put fully into effect. Reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services were intensified, and our business environment rose significantly in international rankings. Opening up was expanded on all fronts, and joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) made significant headway. The first China International Import Expo was a success. Work began on building the China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone. China’s total volume of trade in goods exceeded 30 trillion yuan, and its utilized foreign investment totaled US$138.3 billion, ranking China first among developing countries.

——三大攻堅戰開局良好。防范化解重大風險，宏觀杠桿率趨于穩定，金融運行總體平穩。精準脫貧有力推進，農村貧困人口減少1386萬，易地扶貧搬遷280萬人。污染防治得到加強，細顆粒物（PM2.5）濃度繼續下降，生態文明建設成效顯著。
The three critical battles got off to a good start. We forestalled and defused major risks. The macro leverage ratio trended toward a stable level; the financial sector was generally stable. Precision poverty alleviation made significant progress, with the rural poor population reduced by 13.86 million, including 2.8 million people assisted through relocation from inhospitable areas. Pollution prevention and control was strengthened, and PM2.5 concentrations continued to fall. Marked achievements were made in ecological conservation.

——人民生活持續改善。居民人均可支配收入實際增長6.5%。提高個人所得稅起征點，設立6項專項附加扣除。加大基本養老、基本醫療等保障力度，資助各類學校家庭困難學生近1億人次。棚戶區住房改造620多萬套，農村危房改造190萬戶。城鄉居民生活水平又有新提高。
Living standards continued to improve. Per capita disposable personal income grew by 6.5 percent in real terms. The threshold for individual income tax was raised and six special additional deductions were created. Support for basic elderly care and basic health care was strengthened. Close to 100 million payments were made to assist students from families in financial difficulty, covering all school types. More than 6.2 million housing units were rebuilt in rundown urban areas and 1.9 million dilapidated rural houses were renovated. Urban and rural living standards continued to rise.

我們隆重慶祝改革開放40周年，深刻總結改革開放的偉大成就和寶貴經驗，鄭重宣示在新時代將改革開放進行到底的堅定決心，激勵全國各族人民接續奮斗，再創新的歷史偉業。
We solemnly commemorated the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, thoroughly reviewed its great achievements and the valuable experience gained in its pursuit, and pledged our resolve to see reform and opening up through in the new era, thus galvanizing the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to continue their hard work to make new historic achievements.

回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。我們面對的是深刻變化的外部環境。經濟全球化遭遇波折，多邊主義受到沖擊，國際金融市場震蕩，特別是中美經貿摩擦給一些企業生產經營、市場預期帶來不利影響。我們面對的是經濟轉型陣痛凸顯的嚴峻挑戰。新老矛盾交織，周期性、結構性問題疊加，經濟運行穩中有變、變中有憂。我們面對的是兩難多難問題增多的復雜局面。實現穩增長、防風險等多重目標，完成經濟社會發展等多項任務，處理好當前與長遠等多種關系，政策抉擇和工作推進的難度明顯加大。經過全國上下共同努力，我國經濟發展在高基數上總體平穩、穩中有進，社會大局保持穩定。這再次表明，在中國共產黨領導下，中國人民有戰勝任何艱難險阻的勇氣、智慧和力量，中國的發展沒有過不去的坎。
Looking back at the past year, we can see that our achievements did not come easily.What we faced was profound change in our external environment. Setbacks in economic globalization, challenges to multilateralism, shocks in the international financial market, and especially the China-US economic and trade frictions, had an adverse effect on the production and business operations of some companies and on market expectations. What we faced were severe challenges caused by the growing pains of economic transformation. An interlacing of old and new issues and a combination of cyclical and structural problems brought changes in what was a generally stable economic performance, some of which caused concern. What we faced was a complicated terrain of increasing dilemmas. We had multiple targets to attain, like ensuring stable growth and preventing risks; multiple tasks to complete, like promoting economic and social development; and multiple relationships to handle, like that between short-term and long-term interests. And the difficulty of making policy choices and moving work forward increased markedly. With the concerted efforts of the whole country, the Chinese economy, from a larger base, achieved generally stable growth while making further progress; and social stability was ensured. This once again shows that the Chinese people, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, have the courage, vision, and strength to prevail over any difficulty or obstacle. There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome in China’s pursuit of development!

一年來，我們深入貫徹以習近平同志為核心的黨中央決策部署，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，統籌穩增長、促改革、調結構、惠民生、防風險，穩妥應對中美經貿摩擦，著力穩就業、穩金融、穩外貿、穩外資、穩投資、穩預期，主要做了以下工作。
Over the past year, we fully implemented all major policies and plans made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and worked holistically to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks. We handled economic and trade frictions with the United States appropriately. We worked to ensure stable employment, a stable financial sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable domestic investment, and stable expectations. Our main work of the past year was as follows.

一是創新和完善宏觀調控，經濟保持平穩運行。面對新情況新變化，我們堅持不搞“大水漫灌”式強刺激，保持宏觀政策連續性穩定性，在區間調控基礎上加強定向、相機調控，主動預調、微調。堅持實施積極的財政政策，著力減稅降費、補短板調結構。下調增值稅稅率，擴大享受稅收優惠小微企業范圍，出臺鼓勵研發創新等稅收政策。全年為企業和個人減稅降費約1.3萬億元。優化財政支出結構，盤活財政存量資金，重點領域支出得到保障。堅持實施穩健的貨幣政策，引導金融支持實體經濟。針對融資難融資貴問題，先后4次降低存款準備金率，多措并舉緩解民營和小微企業資金緊張狀況，融資成本上升勢頭得到初步遏制。及時應對股市、債市異常波動，人民幣匯率基本穩定，外匯儲備保持在3萬億美元以上。
First, we developed new ways to improve macro regulation and ensured a generally stable economic performance. Facing new circumstances and developments, we were firm in choosing not to adopt a deluge of strong stimulus policies, and we maintained the continuity and consistency of macro policies. As we conducted regulation to keep main economic indicators within an appropriate range, we also improved targeted and well-timed regulation, and carried out anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning.
We continued to pursue a proactive fiscal policy, focusing on cutting taxes and fees, strengthening areas of weakness, and promoting structural adjustment. We reduced VAT rates and expanded the coverage of tax relief for small businesses with low profits, and introduced preferential tax policies to encourage R&D and innovation. Over the year, the tax and fee burden on enterprises and individuals was thus reduced by around 1.3 trillion yuan. We improved the composition of budgetary spending, put idle budgetary funds to use, and ensured spending in key areas. We maintained a prudent monetary policy and encouraged financial support for the real economy. In response to the difficulties and high costs of financing, we reduced required reserve ratios four times, and applied a combination of measures to ease funding shortages faced by private enterprises and small and micro businesses. Initial success was thus made in curbing the rising cost of financing. We promptly responded to abnormal fluctuations in the stock and bond markets, and kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable. China’s foreign exchange reserves were maintained at over US$3 trillion.

二是扎實打好三大攻堅戰，重點任務取得積極進展。制定并有序實施三大攻堅戰三年行動方案。穩步推進結構性去杠桿，穩妥處置金融領域風險，防控地方政府債務風險，改革完善房地產市場調控機制。深入推進精準脫貧，加強扶貧力量，加大資金投入，強化社會幫扶，貧困地區自我發展能力穩步提高。全面開展藍天、碧水、凈土保衛戰。優化能源和運輸結構。穩妥推進北方地區“煤改氣”“煤改電”。全面建立河長制、湖長制。化肥農藥使用量實現雙下降。加強生態環保督察執法。積極應對氣候變化。
Second, we took solid action in the three critical battles and made good progress in carrying out key tasks. We drew up and began the systematic implementation of a three-year action plan for the three critical battles. We made steady progress in structural deleveraging, handled risks in the financial sector prudently and appropriately, prevented and controlled local government debt risks, and reformed and improved mechanisms for conducting regulation over the real estate market. We made further progress in precision poverty alleviation. We strengthened poverty relief capacity, increased budgetary input, and encouraged society to assist poverty alleviation. The self-development capacity of poverty-stricken areas was steadily enhanced. We launched an all-out fight to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and our land pollution-free. Energy and transportation structures were upgraded. The replacement of coal with natural gas and electricity in North China was steadily advanced. The system of river chiefs and lake chiefs was established across the country. The use of both chemical fertilizers and pesticides was reduced. Inspections and law enforcement for environmental protection were strengthened. And we took active steps to respond to climate change.

三是深化供給側結構性改革，實體經濟活力不斷釋放。加大“破、立、降”力度。推進鋼鐵、煤炭行業市場化去產能。實施穩投資舉措，制造業投資、民間投資增速明顯回升。出臺促進居民消費政策。全面推進“互聯網+”，運用新技術新模式改造傳統產業。深入推進簡政減稅減費。取消一批行政許可事項，“證照分離”改革在全國推開，企業開辦時間大幅壓縮，工業生產許可證種類壓減三分之一以上。“雙隨機、一公開”監管全面實施。清理規范各類涉企收費，推動降低用能、用網和物流等成本。深化“互聯網+政務服務”，各地探索推廣一批有特色的改革舉措，企業和群眾辦事便利度不斷提高。
Third, we deepened supply-side structural reform and steadily unleashed the dynamism of the real economy. We strengthened work to cut ineffective supply, foster new growth drivers, and reduce costs in the real economy. We made progress in using market mechanisms to cut capacity in the steel and coal industries. Measures were implemented to ensure stable investment; as a result, investment in manufacturing and private investment rebounded markedly. Policies were adopted to stimulate consumer spending. Internet Plus initiatives were advanced across the board, and new technologies and models were used to transform traditional industries. We deepened efforts to streamline government functions and cut taxes and fees. A number of government permits were abolished, the reform separating permits from the business license was implemented nationwide, the time needed to start a business was considerably shortened, and the types of industrial production permits were cut by over a third. Oversight conducted through the random selection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results was implemented nationwide. We overhauled the charges and fees levied on businesses, and encouraged cuts in the cost of energy, broadband services, and logistics. We advanced the Internet Plus Government Services initiative, the local authorities explored and extended a number of distinctive reform measures, and both businesses and the public now enjoy increasingly better access to government services.

四是深入實施創新驅動發展戰略，創新能力和效率進一步提升。大力優化創新生態，調動各類創新主體積極性。深化科技管理體制改革，推進關鍵核心技術攻關，加強重大科技基礎設施、科技創新中心等建設。強化企業技術創新主體地位，將提高研發費用加計扣除比例政策擴大至所有企業。制定支持雙創深入發展的政策措施。技術合同成交額增長30%以上。科技進步貢獻率提高到58.5%。
Fourth, we continued to implement the innovation-driven development strategy and further increased innovation capacity and performance.
We greatly improved the innovation ecosystem to keep innovators of all kinds fully motivated. The reform of the management system for science and technology was deepened, steps were taken to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies for key fields, and the building of major science and technology infrastructure and innovation centers was stepped up.
We strengthened the principal position of enterprises in technological innovation, and extended the policy on raising the proportion of additional tax-deductible R&D costs to cover all enterprises.
We developed policies and measures to support innovation and business startups. The volume of contracted technology transactions grew by over 30 percent. The contribution of technological advances to economic growth has risen to 58.5 percent.

五是加大改革開放力度，發展動力繼續增強。深化國資國企改革，國有企業優化重組、提質增效取得新進展。針對民營企業發展遇到的困難和問題，千方百計幫助解憂紓困。推進財稅體制改革，預算績效管理改革全面啟動。改革金融監管體制，完善利率、匯率市場化形成機制。農業農村、社會事業、生態環保等領域改革不斷深化。推出對外開放一系列重大舉措。共建“一帶一路”引領效應持續釋放，同沿線國家的合作機制不斷健全，經貿合作和人文交流加快推進。出臺穩外貿政策，貨物通關時間壓縮一半以上。下調部分商品進口關稅，關稅總水平由9.8%降至7.5%。新設一批跨境電商綜合試驗區。復制推廣自貿試驗區改革經驗。大幅壓縮外資準入負面清單，擴大金融、汽車等行業開放，一批重大外資項目落地，新設外資企業增長近70%。
Fifth, we intensified reform and opening up and continued to strengthen the momentum of development.We deepened reforms of state capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and made new gains in upgrading and restructuring SOEs and in improving their quality and performance. In addressing difficulties and issues encountered by private enterprises, we used every feasible means to help them overcome problems and concerns. We advanced the reform of the fiscal and tax systems, and launched performance-based budget management reform across the country. We reformed the financial regulatory system and improved the mechanisms through which interest rates and exchange rates are set by the market. Steady progress was made in reforms related to agriculture, rural affairs, social programs, and environmental protection. In opening up, we introduced a series of major moves. Joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative are producing a pace-setting effect, cooperation mechanisms for countries along its routes are steadily improving, and economic cooperation, trade, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges under the Initiative have gathered momentum.
We launched policies to ensure steady growth in foreign trade, and cut the time needed for customs clearance by more than half. Import tariffs on some goods were lowered, and the overall tariff level was reduced from 9.8 to 7.5 percent. A number of new integrated pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce were established. Reform measures proven to work in pilot free trade zones were replicated and applied elsewhere. We shortened significantly the negative list for foreign investment, opened up sectors like finance and automobiles wider to foreign competition, and sped up the implementation of a number of major foreign investment projects. The number of new foreign enterprises grew by nearly 70 percent.

六是統籌城鄉區域發展，良性互動格局加快形成。鄉村振興戰略有力實施，糧食總產量保持在1.3萬億斤以上。新型城鎮化扎實推進，近1400萬農業轉移人口在城鎮落戶。推進西部開發、東北振興、中部崛起、東部率先發展，出臺一批改革創新舉措。京津冀協同發展取得明顯進展，長江經濟帶生態優先、綠色發展格局不斷鞏固。粵港澳大灣區規劃建設邁出實質性步伐，港珠澳大橋建成通車。加大對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區改革發展支持力度。新增高速鐵路運營里程4100公里，新建改建高速公路6000多公里、農村公路30多萬公里。城鄉區域發展協調性持續增強。
Sixth, we pursued balanced development across rural and urban areas and regions and sped up the formation of a pattern of positive interplay. The rural revitalization strategy was implemented with vigor; grain output was kept above 650 million metric tons. Solid progress was made in the pursuit of new urbanization, and close to 14 million people originally from rural areas gained permanent urban residency. A full range of reforms and innovative measures were introduced to advance development in the western region, revitalize the northeast, energize the central region, and support the eastern region in spearheading development. Major progress was made in boosting the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Along the Yangtze Economic Belt, efforts to prioritize ecological conservation and boost green development were strengthened. Substantive steps were taken in the planning and building of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was opened to traffic. We expanded support for reforms and development in old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas.
Another 4,100 kilometers of high-speed railways opened to traffic, and over 6,000 kilometers of expressways and more than 300,000 kilometers of rural roads were built or improved. With all this, the balance in development between rural and urban areas and between regions has continuously improved.

七是堅持在發展中保障和改善民生，改革發展成果更多更公平惠及人民群眾。針對外部環境變化給就業帶來的影響，及時出臺穩就業舉措。大力推動義務教育教師工資待遇政策落實，加強鄉村小規模學校和鄉鎮寄宿制學校建設，促進高等教育內涵式發展。建立企業職工基本養老保險基金中央調劑制度，提高退休人員基本養老金，城鄉居民基礎養老金最低標準從每月70元提高到88元。繼續提高優撫、低保等標準，殘疾人“兩項補貼”惠及所有符合條件人員。加強退役軍人服務管理工作，維護退役軍人合法權益。深化醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革。穩步推進分級診療。提高居民基本醫保補助標準和大病保險報銷比例。加快新藥審評審批改革，17種抗癌藥大幅降價并納入國家醫保目錄。加快推進文化惠民工程，持續加強基層公共文化服務。全民健身蓬勃開展，體育健兒在國際大賽上再創佳績。
Seventh, we continued to ensure and improve living standards in the course of pursuing development and enabled the people to share more fully and fairly in the benefits of reform and development.We took prompt steps to ease the impact of changes in the external environment on employment. We made strong moves to ensure the implementation of policies on pay packages of teachers in compulsory education, stepped up the development of small rural schools and boarding schools in towns and townships, and fostered development of substance in higher education. We established a system for the central government to allocate nationwide enterprise employees’ basic aged-care insurance funds, raised retirees’ basic pensions, and increased the minimum basic aged-care pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents from 70 to 88 yuan per person per month.We continued to increase benefits for entitled groups and subsistence allowances, and ensured that all people with disabilities who are eligible can access living allowances and nursing care subsidies. For demobilized military personnel, we improved service provision and management and protected their lawful rights and interests. Coordinated medical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical reforms continued. We made steady progress in developing the tiered diagnosis and treatment model. We raised the level of government subsidies for rural and non-working urban residents’ basic medical insurance and the reimbursement rate of their serious illness insurance. The reform for evaluation and approval of new medicines was stepped up; the prices of 17 cancer drugs were slashed and these drugs were included in the national medical insurance catalog. We sped up the implementation of cultural projects designed to benefit the people, and continued to strengthen public cultural services at the community level. Fitness-for-All activities flourished. Chinese athletes excelled themselves in international competitions.

八是推進法治政府建設和治理創新，保持社會和諧穩定。提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案18件，制定修訂行政法規37部。改革調整政府機構設置和職能配置。深入開展國務院大督查，推動改革發展政策和部署落實。發揮審計監督作用。改革完善城鄉基層治理。創新信訪工作方式。改革和加強應急管理，及時有效應對重大自然災害，生產安全事故總量和重特大事故數量繼續下降。加強食品藥品安全監管，嚴厲查處長春長生公司等問題疫苗案件。健全國家安全體系。強化社會治安綜合治理，開展掃黑除惡專項斗爭，依法打擊各類違法犯罪，平安中國建設取得新進展。
Eighth, we made progress in building a rule of law government and pursuing innovation in governance and ensured social harmony and stability. We submitted 18 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress for deliberation, and formulated or revised 37 sets of administrative regulations. We reformed and adjusted the composition and responsibilities of government bodies. The State Council conducted major accountability inspections to ensure the implementation of reform and development policies and plans. We made full use the role of auditing in oversight. We reformed and improved urban and rural governance at the primary level. New approaches were adopted to address public complaints. We reformed and strengthened emergency management, responded swiftly and effectively to major natural disasters, and achieved a continued reduction in both the total number of workplace accidents and the number of serious and major accidents. We strengthened oversight over food and drug safety and investigated and took stern action in defective vaccines cases like that involving Changchun Changsheng. We improved the national security system. We strengthened comprehensive measures to maintain law and order, launched a campaign to combat organized crime and root out local mafia, and cracked down on crime and other legal violations in accordance with law. Further headway was made in carrying out the Peaceful China initiative.

認真貫徹黨中央全面從嚴治黨戰略部署，加強黨風廉政建設。推進“兩學一做”學習教育常態化制度化。嚴格落實中央八項規定及其實施細則精神，堅定不移糾正“四風”。嚴肅查處各類違法違規行為，懲處腐敗分子，反腐敗斗爭取得壓倒性勝利。
We fully implemented the Party Central Committee’s strategic decision on enforcing full and strict discipline over the Party, and intensified efforts to improve Party conduct and build a clean government. We moved to ensure that all Party members, on a regular and institutionalized basis, work to gain a good command of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s policy addresses and to meet Party standards. We acted in strict accordance with the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on conduct and the rules for its implementation. We took stern action against formalities performed for formalities’ sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. Activities of various types in violation of laws or regulations were severely punished or prosecuted. Steps were taken to bring the corrupt to justice, and the fight against corruption was a resounding success.

過去一年，中國特色大國外交取得新成就。成功舉辦博鰲亞洲論壇年會、上合組織青島峰會、中非合作論壇北京峰會等重大主場外交活動。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、二十國集團領導人峰會、金磚國家領導人會晤、亞歐首腦會議、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大活動。同主要大國關系總體穩定，同周邊國家關系全面發展，同發展中國家團結合作紐帶更加牢固。推動構建新型國際關系，推動構建人類命運共同體。堅定維護國家主權、安全、發展利益。經濟外交、人文交流成果豐碩。中國致力于促進世界和平與發展，作出了世人共睹的重要貢獻。
Over the past year, we attained new achievements in pursuing diplomacy with our own characteristics as a major country. We successfully hosted major diplomatic events such as the Boao Forum for Asia annual conference, the Qingdao Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders visited many countries and attended major international events, including the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the G20 Leaders Summit, the BRICS Leaders Meeting, the Asia-Europe Meeting, and the East Asian leaders’ meetings on cooperation. China’s relations with other major countries remained generally stable, our relations with neighboring countries saw all-round growth, and our bond of unity and cooperation with other developing countries grew stronger. We promoted the development of a new type of international relations and a human community with a shared future, and resolutely protected China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests. Our pursuit of economic diplomacy and cultural and people-to-people exchanges yielded rich fruit. China endeavored to promote world peace and development and made important contributions recognized around the world.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

過去一年取得的成績，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導的結果，是習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想科學指引的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！
We owe our achievements of the past year to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all ethnic groups in China. On behalf of the State Council, I express sincere thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to all other political parties, people’s organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express our sincere gratitude to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to achieve modernization.

思危方能居安。在充分肯定成績的同時，要清醒看到我國發展面臨的問題和挑戰。世界經濟增速放緩，保護主義、單邊主義加劇，國際大宗商品價格大幅波動，不穩定不確定因素明顯增加，外部輸入性風險上升。國內經濟下行壓力加大，消費增速減慢，有效投資增長乏力。實體經濟困難較多，民營和小微企業融資難融資貴問題尚未有效緩解，營商環境與市場主體期待還有較大差距。自主創新能力不強，關鍵核心技術短板問題凸顯。一些地方財政收支矛盾較大。金融等領域風險隱患依然不少。深度貧困地區脫貧攻堅困難較多。生態保護和污染防治任務仍然繁重。在教育、醫療、養老、住房、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面，群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。去年還發生了多起公共安全事件和重大生產安全事故，教訓極其深刻。政府工作存在不足，一些改革發展舉措落實不到位，形式主義、官僚主義仍然突出，督查檢查考核過多過頻、重留痕輕實績，加重基層負擔。少數干部懶政怠政。一些領域腐敗問題仍然多發。我們一定要直面問題和挑戰，勇于擔當，恪盡職守，竭盡全力做好工作，決不辜負人民期待！
Only alertness to danger will ensure safety. While fully recognizing our achievements, we must also be clear about the problems and challenges our country faces in its development. Growth in the global economy is slowing, protectionism and unilateralism are mounting, and there are drastic fluctuations in the prices of commodities on the international market. Instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing, and externally-generated risks are on the rise.Downward pressure on the Chinese economy continues to increase, growth in consumption is slowing, and growth in effective investment lacks momentum. The real economy faces many difficulties. The difficulties that private firms and small and micro businesses face in accessing affordable financing have not yet been effectively solved. The business environment still falls far short of market entities’ expectations. Our capacity for innovation is not strong, and our weakness in terms of core technologies for key fields remains a salient problem. Budgetary deficits in some localities are quite large. There are still many risks and hidden dangers in the financial and other sectors. In deeply impoverished areas, we still face many difficulties in the fight against poverty. Ecological conservation and pollution prevention and control continue to be a weighty task. There is still public dissatisfaction in many areas, such as education, healthcare, elderly care, housing, food and drug safety, and income distribution. Last year saw the occurrence of a number of public safety incidents and major workplace accidents. The lessons these incidents left us with should never be forgotten. There is room for improvement in the work of government. Some measures and policies for reform and development have not been fully implemented. We still have a serious problem with pointless formalities and bureaucratism. Excessive and over-frequent inspections and evaluations and a focus on the superficial to the neglect of the substantive have increased the burden on officials working at the primary level. A small number of government employees lack drive. Instances of corruption still occur frequently in some sectors. We must face the problems and challenges squarely, shoulder our responsibility, fully perform our duties, and do all we can to truly live up to people’s expectations.