世界衛生組織將“過勞”列入新版《國際疾病分類》。從今往后，“過勞”也將成為一種疾病。最新版分類將于2022年生效，它將為醫療服務提供者和保險公司認定、治療和承保“過勞”癥狀提供依據。

Burn-out is a phrase you might’ve heard banded around over the years to describe feeling physically and emotionally run down.

多年來你可能一直聽到人們用“精疲力盡”這個詞來形容身體和情感上的疲憊。

While some could’ve been tempted to dismiss burn-out as millennial jargon, it has now been added to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Diseases, meaning that it will become a globally-recognized medical condition as of 2022.

一些人可能會忍不住把“精疲力盡”當作千禧一代的流行詞匯而不予理會，而如今它已被列入世界衛生組織《國際疾病分類》，這意味著從2022年起，“過勞”將成為一種被全球承認的疾病。

The WHO defines burn-out as “chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed”.

根據世界衛生組織的定義，過勞指“未得到妥善應對的長期工作壓力”。

It characterizes the condition with the following symptoms: feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; increased mental distance from one’s job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to one’s job; and reduced professional efficacy.

它表現出的癥狀特征為：感覺精力耗盡或精疲力盡；與工作的心理距離增加，與工作有關的消極或憤世嫉俗的情緒；職業效能降低。

cynicism ['s?n?s?z(?)m]：n.玩世不恭，憤世嫉俗

The WHO only refers to such feelings within work environments and clarifies that burn-out should not be applied to describe symptoms caused by other life situations.

世界衛生組織此番歸類僅僅指向工作環境中產生的上述感覺，并闡明不應該用“過勞”來描述由其他生活狀況引起的癥狀。

A spokesperson for the WHO told Agence Presse France on Monday that it’s the “first time” burn-out has been classified as a medical condition by any official health body.

本周一（5月27日），世界衛生組織的一位發言人對法新社表示，這是官方健康機構“首次”將過勞列為一種疾病。

The phrase “burn-out syndrome” is credited to German-born psychologist Herbert Freudenberger, who used the term in a 1974 study of the condition.

德國出生的心理學家赫伯特·弗羅伊登伯格在1974年對這種情況的研究中首次使用了“疲勞綜合征”這個表達。

Freudenberger analyzed the phenomenon after he observed it in some of his colleagues, who described themselves as being “burnt out” and later also experienced it himself.

弗羅伊登伯在他的一些同事身上觀察到這種現象后進行了分析。他的一些同事稱自己“精力耗盡”，后來他本人也經歷了這種情況。

The psychologist described the state of being burnt out as “becoming exhausted by making excessive demands on energy, strength, or resources”.

這位心理學家將“過勞”的狀態描述為“對能量、力量或資源的過度需求使人精疲力竭。”

In January 2019, a Buzzfeed article titled How Millennials Became the Burnout Generation went viral. Writer Anne Helen Peterson was praised for accurately describing how and why the condition is impacting people aged 18 to 34 and in some cases rendering them emotionally and physically paralyzed.

2019年1月，Buzzfeed網站上一篇題為《千禧一代如何成為過勞一代》的文章走紅。作家安妮·海倫·彼得森在文章中準確描述了這種疾病影響18歲至34歲人群的方式及原因，以及在某些情況下使他們在情感和身體上精疲力竭的原因，并因此受到稱贊。

However, unlike the WHO, Peterson recognizes burn-out in areas outside of the workplace, writing: “Burnout and the behaviors and weight that accompany it aren’t, in fact, something we can cure by going on vacation.

然而，與世界衛生組織的意見不同，彼得森也承認人們在工作場合之外的“過勞”狀況。她寫道：“事實上，過勞以及伴隨而來的行為和體重影響并不是我們可以通過度假來治愈的。”

“It’s not limited to workers in acutely high-stress environments. And it’s not a temporary affliction: It’s the millennial condition. It’s our base temperature. It’s our background music. It’s the way things are. It’s our lives.”

“這并不局限于處于強烈高壓環境中的職場人士。這不是暫時的痛苦：這是千禧一代的情況。這是我們所處的基本溫度，聽到的背景音樂。事情就是這樣，這就是我們的生活。”

英文來源：獨立報

翻譯&編輯：yaning