>Tokyo schools drop controversial dress code
東京學校廢止苛刻著裝規范

For decades, being a student in Tokyo meant you had to look a certain way.
過去幾十年，在東京上學意味著你的著裝必須符合規范。

Under the public school system's dress code, all students had to dye their hair black, certain hairstyles were prohibited and even underwear had to be a designated color.
根據東京公立學校的著裝規范，所有學生都必須把頭發染成黑色，不準留特定發型，甚至連內衣也必須穿指定的顏色。

But these rules, which have recently come under scrutiny and been criticized as outdated, will now be abolished, the city's authorities announced last week.
這些規范最近受到質疑并被批過時，東京政府部門上周宣布將廢止這些規范。

A total of five rules will be dropped by nearly 200 public schools across the Japanese capital, including regulations on underwear color and a ban on "two block" hairstyles, which are long on top and short at the back and sides -- a style in fashion in many countries.
東京各地近200所公立學校將有5條著裝規定被廢止，包括頭發和內衣顏色方面的規范，以及對“二分區式”發型的禁令。這種發型前面長，兩邊和后面短，眼下在許多國家都很流行。

>Wealth gap widens in US
美國貧富差距進一步擴大

The roaring stock market and crypto gains created more than a million new millionaires in the US last year, according to a new report.
新報告稱，去年的股市繁榮和加密貨幣升值在美國新創造出100多萬個百萬富翁。

The number of Americans with $1 million or more in investible assets surged to a record 14.6 million in 2021, up from 13.3 million in 2020 according to a report from wealth research firm Spectrem Group.
財富調研公司斯佩特蘭集團的報告指出，2021年，可投資資產超百萬美元的美國人數量從2020年的1330萬人飆升至創紀錄的1460萬人。

The growth rate of over 10 percent was the strongest in years, boosted by trillions of dollars in wealth created by the stock market, crypto and other assets.
超10%的百萬富翁增長率是近年來最高的，這得益于股市、加密貨幣和其他資產創造的數萬億美元財富。

Gains at the top also widened the wealth gap in the US.
頂級富豪財富的增長也擴大了美國的貧富差距。

The share of wealth held by the top 1 percent grew to a record 32 percent last year, according to the Fed.
美聯儲的數據顯示，最富有的1%美國人擁有的財富在去年增長至創紀錄的32%。

>Scientists breed youngest human cells
科學家誘導出人類全能干細胞

A team of researchers from China, Britain and Bangladesh converted pluripotent stem cells, or an "adult" version of early embryonic cells, back to a more "juvenile" version of cells with developmental potential, tantamount to fertilized eggs in their day 3 developmental stage.
由中國、英國和孟加拉國的科學家組成的研究團隊將人類多能干細胞，即“成年”版本的早期胚胎細胞，轉化成具有發育潛力的、更“年輕”的干細胞，即相當于受精卵發育3天狀態的全能干細胞。

Totipotent 8-cell stage embryo-like cells recreate the embryonic state of a fertilized egg after only three divisions, making them the youngest human cells acquired in vitro ever known, Li Wenjuan from the Chinese Academy of Sciences said.
中國科學院的李文娟博士表示，這些全能性的8細胞期胚胎樣細胞重建了受精卵僅分裂3次后的胚胎狀態，這是迄今為止在體外誘導獲得的“最年輕”的人類細胞。

Cells described as "totipotent" mean that they have the potential to create all types of cells within embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues, according to researchers.
據介紹，全能性細胞意味著它們有潛力分化出胚胎和胚胎外組織中所有類型的細胞。

"These cells can not only differentiate into placental tissue but also potentially develop into more mature organs," Li said.
李文娟博士說，這種細胞可以分化為胎盤組織，并可能發育為更成熟的各類身體組織。

Ethical review had given clearance to the relevant study.
該研究已通過倫理審查。

>Expert warns against hand dryers in public restrooms
公廁里烘手機會加劇病毒傳播

According to the Harvard Health blog, a 2018 study by the University of Connecticut and Quinnipiac University found exposure to hot hand dryers exponentially grew bacteria colonies within a matter of seconds.
哈佛健康博客顯示，康涅狄格大學和昆尼皮亞克大學2018年的一項研究發現，使用熱風烘手機在短短數秒內就能以指數級的速度滋生出細菌菌落。

"Every time a lidless toilet is flushed, it aerosolizes a fine mist of microbes. This fecal cloud may disperse over an area as large as 6 square meters,” Harvard Health stated.
哈佛健康指出：“無蓋馬桶每次沖水，含有細菌的氣霧就會升騰而起。這些含有糞便細菌的氣霧可擴散至6平方米遠。”

This means each time someone flushes a toilet, particles of fecal bacteria spread through the air.
這意味著每當有人沖馬桶，糞便細菌顆粒就會通過空氣傳播。

When the bacteria come in contact with a hot hand dryer, they multiply.
當細菌接觸到烘手機的熱風后，就會成倍滋生。

The best way to dry your hands and prevent bacteria from surviving on them is to use a paper towel.
把手弄干同時防止細菌在手上存活的最佳辦法就是用紙巾擦手。

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