根據(jù)美國(guó)汽車(chē)協(xié)會(huì)6月9日數(shù)據(jù)，美國(guó)普通汽油平均價(jià)格達(dá)到了每加侖4.99美元（約合人民幣33.5元）。高油價(jià)正在影響所有美國(guó)開(kāi)車(chē)的人，但低收入家庭首當(dāng)其沖。這是因?yàn)椋c富裕家庭相比，低收入家庭在交通成本和生活必需品（如食品和能源）上的支出占比更高。

For lower-income Americans, high gas prices can set off a cycle of hardship.
對(duì)于美國(guó)低收入人群來(lái)說(shuō)，高油價(jià)可能引發(fā)一系列難題。

Driving the news: The daily US average national price for a gallon of regular climbed to $4.99 as of Thursday morning — a cent shy of the symbolic $5 threshold, according to AAA.
美國(guó)汽車(chē)協(xié)會(huì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至6月9日上午，美國(guó)一加侖普通汽油均價(jià)攀升至4.99美元，比象征性的5美元門(mén)檻低了一美分。

Those at the top spent the equivalent of about 2% of their income on gas in 2019. That's the most recent year for which the Bureau of Labor Statistics has survey data that are not skewed by weird pandemic behavior.
美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局最新調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2019年，美國(guó)高收入人群的汽油支出相當(dāng)于其收入的2%。這些數(shù)據(jù)沒(méi)有受到新冠疫情的影響。

Those at the lower end of the income scale devoted 8% of their after-tax income to gas in 2019. (Although many living in urban areas without cars are spared the expense.)
2019年，低收入人群的汽油支出占其稅后收入的8%（盡管許多沒(méi)有汽車(chē)的城市居民可以省下這筆費(fèi)用。）

In 2008, when gas prices hit a record (inflation-adjusted) high, that group spent close to 12%.
2008年，當(dāng)油價(jià)創(chuàng)下歷史新高（根據(jù)通脹調(diào)整后）時(shí)，低收入人群的汽油支出接近12%。

This data looks at gas expenditures as a percentage of income. A more common practice is to slice the numbers as a percentage of overall household spending.
該數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算的是汽油支出占收入的百分比。更常見(jiàn)的是計(jì)算汽油支出占家庭總開(kāi)支的百分比。

It looks different that way: The lowest 20% of earners devoted 3.7% of their spending to gas versus 2.7% for the highest earners, per BLS.
這樣數(shù)據(jù)就有所變化：根據(jù)美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)，占比20%的低收入人群的汽油支出占家庭總開(kāi)支的3.7%，而高收入人群汽油支出占比2.7%。

Meanwhile, more recent data, from Bank of America, shows that Americans who earn less than $50,000 a year are currently spending nearly 10% of their credit card bills on gas, compared with 6% for households earning more than $125,000.
與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)銀行最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，年收入低于5萬(wàn)美元的美國(guó)人目前的信用卡賬單汽油消費(fèi)占比接近10%，而年收入超過(guò)12.5萬(wàn)美元的家庭則為6%。

For those who must drive to work, higher gas prices are essentially a pay cut.
對(duì)于那些必須開(kāi)車(chē)上班的人來(lái)說(shuō)，油價(jià)上漲本質(zhì)上是一種降薪。

"It can create a cascade of other hardships," said former Federal Reserve economist Claudia Sahm. If an increased share of your money goes to gas, you have to make painful choices about where that cash comes from.
前美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家克勞迪婭·薩姆表示：“油價(jià)上漲可能會(huì)引發(fā)一系列其他困難。”如果你的加油支出越多，就不得不在其他方面削減開(kāi)支。

This comes at a time of rising food prices, which are also pinching lower-income households.
同時(shí)食品價(jià)格也在上漲，這使低收入家庭雪上加霜。

來(lái)源：Axios
編輯：董靜