> Chinese astronomy enthusiast's 'chasing project'
90后追星“青年”為中國空間站拍“寫真”

Liu Boyang, a post-1990 astrophysics doctor and astronomy enthusiast, took hundreds of thousands of photos of the China Space Station (CSS) with a self-developed automatic tracking script for optical recognition.
中國90后天體物理學博士、天文愛好者劉博洋用自主開發的光學識別自動跟蹤腳本，拍攝了數十萬張中國空間站的照片。

Common methods for shooting celestial bodies are not suitable for taking higher-precision photos of the space station.
常用的天體拍攝方法不適合拍攝更高精度的空間站照片。

Given some of the disadvantages of the current methods, Liu came up with his own plan – writing an automatic tracking script for optical recognition, then manually finding the space station and framing the tracking based on the control of proportional, integral and differential units.
考慮到現有方法的一些缺點，劉博洋提出了自己的方案——編寫一個光學識別的自動跟蹤腳本，然后手動找到空間站，并基于比例、積分和微分單元的控制框架跟蹤。

It took a lot of trial and error before Liu finally fixed the bug and verified the function of the program this April.
經過大量的嘗試和失敗，他終于在今年4月修復了這個錯誤并驗證了該程序的功能。

Starting in April, Liu and his team have been chasing the space station and recorded over 50 configuration changes from Beijing and South China's Hainan province. He captured the Tianzhou-3 cargo spacecraft's separation from its core module, the Shenzhou-14 spacecraft's launch, and the Mengtian Lab Module's docking with the core module, among others.
自從4月拍下中國空間站開始，劉博洋和團隊半年來開啟“逐天模式”。從天舟三號撤離空間站，到天舟四號、神舟十四號發射，再到問天艙、夢天艙對接成功，劉博洋一行人在北京、海南等多地，50余次追拍中國空間站特寫影像并把這些構型變化完整記錄下來。

When asked about his plan for the future, the 32-year-old astronomer said that he had been preparing himself to record the Tianzhou-5 cargo spacecraft and Shenzhou-15 spaceflight, and it would be his lifetime commitment to explore every possibility to show people the sky and help them learn about space and the universe.
當被問及他的未來計劃時，這位32歲的天文學家說，目前他正在準備天舟五號貨運飛船和神舟十五號載人飛船的跟拍計劃，這將是他畢生的承諾，探索各種可能性，向人們展示天空，幫助他們了解空間和宇宙。

> Why you twitch when you sleep
為什么有人會睡覺時突然抖一下？

Hypnic jerks — also called sleep starts — are sudden, involuntary muscle contractions you may experience as you are falling asleep.
入睡抽動——也稱為睡眠啟動——是你在入睡時可能會經歷的突然的、不自主的肌肉收縮。

Hypnic jerks are a type of myoclonus, which is a category of rapid, involuntary muscle movements.
入睡抽動是一種肌陣攣，即快速而不自主的肌肉運動。

Hiccups are another type of myoclonus.
打嗝也是肌陣攣的一種。

Hypnic jerks are associated with a rapid heartbeat, quickened breathing, sweat, and sometimes "a peculiar sensory feeling of 'shock' or 'falling into the void' ".
入睡抽動通常伴隨著心跳加快、呼吸加快、出汗，有時還伴有“一種'震驚'或'墜入虛空'的奇特感官感覺”。

It can also be accompanied by a vivid dream experience or hallucination.
有時也伴隨著生動的夢境或幻覺。

A higher occurrence is reported in people with irregular sleep schedules.
據報道，作息不規律的人有更高概率伴有入睡抽動。

Moreover, when they are particularly frequent and severe, hypnic jerks have been reported as a cause of sleep-onset insomnia.
此外，當癥狀特別頻繁和嚴重時，還會導致入睡性失眠。

Researchers do not know for sure what causes hypnic jerks, but they have a few theories.
研究人員還不確定是什么原因導致入睡抽動，但他們有一些理論。

Hypnic jerks and other types of myoclonus start in the same part of your brain that controls your startle response.
入睡抽動和其他類型的肌陣攣始于大腦中控制驚嚇反應的同一部分。

When you fall asleep, researchers suspect that a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brain stem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk.
研究人員懷疑，當你入睡時，網狀腦干的神經之間有時會發生錯誤放電，產生一種反應，導致入睡抽動。

Hypnic jerks can be unsettling, but they’re not dangerous.
入睡抽動和其他類型的肌陣攣始于大腦中控制驚嚇反應的同一部分。

In fact, they’re considered a normal part of falling asleep.
事實上，它們被認為是入睡的正常部分。

Up to 70% of people experience hypnic jerks.
高達70%的人經歷過睡眠痙攣。

They can be annoying and disrupt the sleep of you or your partner.
入睡抽動可能很煩人，會擾亂你或你的伴侶的睡眠。

While it is possible that a particularly violent jerk could lead to a minor injury, it’s not common.
雖然特別劇烈的抽搐可能會導致輕微的傷害，但這種情況并不常見。

Hypnic jerks are a normal, albeit unpredictable, part of the experience of falling asleep.
入睡抽動是入睡體驗的正常部分，盡管不可預測。

It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to completely eradicate them from your life.
你不太可能從生活中完全根除它們。

However, you can reduce their frequency and intensity, and improve your sleep at the same time, with a few relatively simple techniques.
然而，你可以通過一些相對簡單的技巧，減少它們頻率和強度，同時改善睡眠。

Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends.
按時上床睡覺和起床，即使在周末也是如此。

Make your bedroom as dark and quiet as possible, using blackout curtains or a white noise machine if needed.
讓臥室盡可能保持黑暗和安靜，必要時使用遮光窗簾或白噪音機。

Stop using electronics at least one hour before bed.
睡前至少一小時停止使用電子產品。

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