> Americans no longer want to move for work
美國人不再愿意為了工作搬家 

Here's why.
原因是……

After two years of grousing that no one wants to work anymore, America's employers might have a new line of complaint: No one wants to move.
過去兩年來，美國雇主一直在抱怨找不到人干活，如今，他們又多了一件煩心事：沒人愿意為工作而搬家。

After steadily falling for decades, the rate of Americans moving for work fell to a record low of just 1.6% in the first three months of the year, according to Challenger, Gray & Christmas.
再就業(yè)服務公司Challenger, Gray & Christmas的數(shù)據顯示，美國人為工作而搬家的比例在今年1-3月降到了歷史新低1.6%，過去幾十年來這一比例一直在穩(wěn)步下降。

"This is the lowest quarterly result that we've seen, among all the job seekers we've worked with, since 1986," said the company's senior vice president, Andrew Challenger.
該公司的高級副總裁安德魯?查林杰表示：“就我們合作的求職者而言，這是自1986年以來我們見過的最低季度水平。”

The trend is evidence of a decline in the dynamism of the US economy, experts say, while also undercutting the historic narrative of Americans as a population of pioneers and risk-takers boldly venturing into new terrain in pursuit of opportunity.
專家稱，這一趨勢印證了美國經濟活力的衰退，同時也削弱了美國人作為敢于追逐機遇開疆拓土的先驅和冒險者的歷史形象。

A confluence of factors led to Americans' declining willingness to relocate for work, according to economists.
經濟學家指出，多個因素導致美國人越來越不愿意為了工作而搬家。

First, despite businesses' push to bring employees back to the office, remote jobs are still plentiful for white-collar workers — that gives them options if they decide to seek new positions.
首先，盡管企業(yè)敦促員工返崗上班，白領工人仍然可以找到很多遠程工作，這讓他們想換工作就可以換。

The pandemic-fueled run up in home prices, coupled with the surge in mortgage rates over the past year, also has made it much more difficult to move as housing costs have shot up much faster than incomes.
其次，疫情推高了房價，再加上去年按揭利率的飆升，住房成本比收入的上漲速度更快，這導致搬家難度大增。

Skyrocketing housing prices are a major roadblock to mobility.
房價飆升是流動性的一大障礙。

Nationwide, home prices have soared nearly 25% over the last two years, coupled with mortgage rates that have more than doubled since the start of 2022.
從全美范圍來看，過去兩年來房價已經飆升近25%，按揭利率自2022年初以來已經漲了一倍還多。

Meanwhile, nearly 1 in 4 existing mortgages today have a rate under 3%, the research firm said.
與此同時，這家調研機構發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前近四分之一按揭房的房貸利率不到3%。

That's contributing to many homeowners feeling "locked in" to their current home, loath to trade it for a new place shackled to a much higher mortgage rate.
這讓許多房主不愿舍棄現(xiàn)在的房子，因為不愿將其置換成一個房貸利率高得多的新房。

> Sichuan Hot Pot Association prepares spicy index plan
火鍋統(tǒng)一辣度標準? 四川火鍋協(xié)會回應了

A netizen made a post suggesting a more scientific and unified index for spiciness in hot pot.
有網友在社交平臺上發(fā)帖建議制定一個更科學、更統(tǒng)一的火鍋辣度指數(shù)。

The Sichuan Hot Pot Association responded that the suggestion was good and they are preparing a plan.
收到建議后，四川省火鍋協(xié)會作出回應：網民建議靠譜，正在研究方案。

Yan Long, the president of the association, stated that the spiciness of hot pot can indeed be measured using professional measuring tools. Currently, the association is researching a standardized grading system for the spiciness of hot pot seasoning, including chili peppers, using a "degree" system to represent the level of spiciness, allowing consumers to choose a broth base more accurately.
協(xié)會執(zhí)行會長嚴龍表示：火鍋的辣度確實可以借助專業(yè)測量工具測算，目前火鍋協(xié)會正在研究為火鍋辣味定級的統(tǒng)一標準，將用“度數(shù)”來表示火鍋底料等辣椒調味品的辛辣程度，讓消費者可以更精確地選擇鍋底。

Eating spicy food can produce a variety of physiological reactions, like a tingling in the tongue and lips, as well as sweating, said David Julius, a physiologist at the University of California, San Francisco. "We all enjoy sensory experiences; spicy foods make life more interesting," he said.
加利福尼亞大學舊金山分校的生理學專家David Julius解釋道，吃辣時，我們的身體產生諸如舌頭和嘴唇發(fā)麻、身體出汗等一系列生理反應。“我們的身體享受感官刺激，因此辛辣食物讓生活更有趣。”

But not all of the potential responses are welcome, even for those who enjoy the taste.
但是，即便是對那些喜歡吃辣的人來說，并非所有潛在的反應都是受歡迎的。

Spicy food lovers are likely to be familiar with one immediate physical reaction — sweating.
喜歡吃辣的人應該很熟悉其帶來的最直接身體反應——出汗。

That's because some of the spiciest foods contain compounds that bind to nerve receptors along the gastrointestinal tract, including the mouth, that are activated by heat.
這是因為一些辛辣食物中含有能夠與胃腸道以及口腔神經受體結合的化合物，這些受體會被熱量激活。

Chiles, the flavorful backbone of many spicy dishes, contain the compound capsaicin, which binds to those receptors when eaten and then sends a pain signal to the brain, as Dr Julius discovered in his Nobel Prize-winning work on the topic.
辣椒是許多辛辣食物的主料，其中含有復合辣椒素，在人們食用辣椒時，辣椒素會與神經受體相結合，然后向大腦發(fā)送疼痛信號，這是Julius博士在他的諾貝爾獎獲獎作品中的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

The main chemicals found in peppercorns, horseradishes and mustard also bind to the same receptors, albeit less potently.
花椒、辣根和芥末中的化學物質也能與上述神經受體相結合，不過作用較弱。

These nerves send similar signals to the brain as they would if you came into contact with actual fire, which is why you might start sweating or become flushed; that's the body's way of cooling itself down.
這些神經會向大腦發(fā)出一種類似于你接觸到火時的信號，這就是為什么你會開始出汗或臉紅，那是身體降溫的一種方式。

It can also cause gastrointestinal distress.
吃辣可能會引起腸胃不適。

Eating spicy food in moderation is generally safe for people who don’t already have stomach issues.
對于沒有胃病的人來說，適度吃辣通常是沒有問題的。

However, it can cause inflammation to the areas that aid digestion and can sometimes lead to heartburn, stomachaches or diarrhea.
不過辛辣刺激的食物可能會導致消化系統(tǒng)發(fā)熱，有時會引起胃灼熱、胃痛或腹瀉。

People with gastritis, which occurs when the lining of the stomach is inflamed, may be especially susceptible to increased abdominal pain.
胃部有炎癥的人吃辣之后腹痛的可能性更大。

However, spiciness may benefit health, though more research is needed.
吃辣可能對健康有益處，不過這一點還需要更多的證據來證明。

Studies have shown that consuming spicy foods can be associated with some health benefits. For example, one study found that taking a daily supplement of capsaicin sped up metabolism, where participants burned the equivalent of an extra 200 calories per day over a 14-week period.
有研究顯示，每天補充辣椒素可以加快人體新陳代謝，實驗參與者在14周的時間內每天多燃燒相當于200卡路里的熱量。

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