>Revelations of financial fraud by Trump
特朗普財務欺詐行為遭曝光

Last week the New York District Court ruled that former US President Donald Trump had long been inflating the value of his assets to obtain benefits on bank loans, insurance premiums and tax.
近日，美國紐約地方法庭裁定，美國前總統特朗普長期通過夸大資產價值，獲取銀行貸款、保險費以及稅收優惠等。

According to an investigation report provided by New York State Attorney General Letitia James, Trump ignored or sidelined experts and relied on intuition to evaluate assets.
根據紐約州總檢察長詹姆斯提供的調查報告，特朗普經常無視專家的數據，靠直覺夸大資產價值。

In 2011 and 2012, the Trump Organization claimed that a dozen Trump Park Avenue condominiums in New York were valued at $50 million.
2011年和2012年，特朗普集團表示紐約某處十幾套公寓的估值為5000萬美元。

However, in 2020, this valuation was changed to $136 million; the investigation said that the true value should be $84.5 million.
而2020年卻改為1.36億美元，調查指出，2020年該公寓的真實估值僅為8450萬美元。

When Trump needed to value his Trump Tower apartment in 2010, he personally showed an appraiser around the unit for 15 minutes but ushered him out before the expert could take any measurements.
2010年特朗普集團為旗下公寓估值，特朗普親自帶估價師在樓內參觀了15分鐘，當估價師準備測量公寓面積時被轟了出去。

Trump’s company then declared that the 11,000-square-foot unit measured 30,000 square feet, nearly three times its actual size.
特朗普集團隨后宣布公寓面積為3萬平方英尺，而實際為1.1萬平方英尺。

The report also said that Trump had provided non-professional financial statements to business partners and the statements were created by an entry-level employee a few years out of college with no professional accounting training.
報告指出，特朗普曾向商業伙伴提供非專業財務報表，制作報表的竟是一位剛從大學畢業、未受過專業會計培訓的職場新人。

Trump at one point pretended to be a fake company spokesman named “John Barron” to push Forbes to raise its estimate of his net worth as part of the magazine’s regular rankings of wealthy individuals.
此外，特朗普還曾假扮集團發言人，以“約翰?巴倫”的假名要求《福布斯》雜志提高富豪排行榜上特朗普的身價。

After the court hearing on October 2, Trump told the media that he had done nothing wrong and that James’ investigation and lawsuit against him were entirely “political operations” aimed at damaging his presidential campaign.
10月2日的庭審結束后，特朗普對媒體表示他沒有做任何錯事，詹姆斯對自己的調查和訴訟完全是“政治操作”，目的是破壞其總統競選活動。

> Climate crisis will make Europe’s beer cost more and taste worse
氣候危機將推高歐洲啤酒價格 并讓啤酒口感變差

Climate breakdown is already changing the taste and quality of beer, scientists have warned.
科學家警告稱，氣候惡化已經在改變啤酒的味道和品質。

The quantity and quality of hops, a key ingredient in most beers, is being affected by global heating, according to a study.
研究指出，多數啤酒中的重要原料啤酒花的數量和品質正受到全球變暖的影響。

As a result, beer may become more expensive and manufacturers will have to adapt their brewing methods.
啤酒可能會因此變得更貴，啤酒生產商也將不得不調整釀造方法。

Researchers forecast that hop yields in European growing regions will fall by 4-18% by 2050 if farmers do not adapt to hotter and drier weather, while the content of alpha acids in the hops, which gives beers their distinctive taste and smell, will fall by 20-31%.
研究人員預測，如果農民不調整種植策略來適應更加炎熱干燥的天氣，到2050年底前歐洲的啤酒花種植區將減產4%到18%，而啤酒花中賦予啤酒獨特口感和氣味的α酸含量也將減少20%到31%。

"Beer drinkers will definitely see the climate change, either in the price tag or the quality,” said Miroslav Trnka, a scientist at the Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences and co-author of the study, published in the journal Nature Communications. “That seems to be inevitable from our data.”
該研究的合著者、捷克科學院全球變化研究所的科學家米羅斯拉夫?特蘭卡稱：“喝啤酒的人肯定會從價格標簽上或啤酒品質上看到氣候變化。從我們的數據來看，這似乎是無可避免的。”該研究發表在《自然-通訊》期刊上。

Beer, the third-most popular drink in the world after water and tea, is made by fermenting malted grains like barley with yeast.
啤酒用大麥等麥芽谷物加入酵母發酵制成，是世界上僅次于水和茶的最受歡迎的飲料。

It is usually flavored with aromatic hops grown mostly in the middle latitudes that are sensitive to changes in light, heat and water.
在啤酒中通常會加入啤酒花來增加芳香。啤酒花主要在中緯度地區種植，對光、熱和水的變化十分敏感。

In recent years, demand for high-quality hops has been pushed up by a boom in craft beers with stronger flavors.
近年來，隨著味道濃烈的精釀啤酒變得流行，人們對高品質啤酒花的需求也增加了。

But emissions of planet-heating gases are putting the plant at risk, the study found.
然而研究發現，溫室氣體的排放卻對啤酒花構成了威脅。

The researchers compared the average annual yield of aroma hops during the periods 1971-1994 and 1995-2018 and found “a significant production decrease” of 0.13-0.27 tons per hectare.
研究人員對比1971-1994年間和1995-2018年間的香味啤酒花年均產量后發現，每公頃減產0.13至0.27噸，“產量顯著下降”。

Celje, in Slovenia, had the greatest fall in average annual hop yield, at 19.4%.
斯洛文尼亞的采列市啤酒花年均產量降幅最大，達到19.4%。

In Germany, the second-biggest hop producer in the world, average hop yields have fallen 19.1% in Spalt, 13.7% in Hallertau and 9.5% in Tettnang, the study found.
研究發現，在世界第二大啤酒花產地德國，斯伯特地區的啤酒花年均產量下降了19.1%，哈勒陶地區下降了13.7%，泰特南地區下降了9.5%。

Beer-brewing in central Europe dates back thousands of years and is a cornerstone of the culture.
中歐的啤酒釀造有數千年歷史，早已深深根植于文化當中。

The study found the alpha acid content of hops, which gives beer its distinct aroma, had fallen in all regions.
研究發現，中歐各地區啤酒花中賦予啤酒獨特風味的α酸含量都下降了。

Andreas Auernhammer, a hop farmer in Spalt in southern Germany, said the total rainfall in his fields had changed little but now “the rain does not come at the right time”.
德國南部斯伯特地區的一名種植啤酒花的農民安德里亞斯?奧恩漢默表示，他的農田里總降雨量變化不大，但是現在“雨水來的不是時候”。

Find more audio news on the China Daily app.