> Adult ADHD may take a toll on the brain
年輕人確診多動癥？網友：自從確診，整個人生都得到了解釋……

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often misunderstood, and people who struggle with it are often viewed as quirky, disorganized, creative or forgetful.
人們常常誤解“注意缺陷多動障礙”（多動癥），該病病患則被認為是古怪，無邏輯，發散性強以及健忘。

Many people go a lifetime without receiving a diagnosis or treatment.
很多患者終其一生也未確診或治療過。

Untreated ADHD is a risk factor for a number of challenges, including unsafe driving, substance abuse and a higher risk of early death, according to a growing body of research.
越來越多的研究表明，未經治療的多動癥是許多問題的風險因素，包括不安全駕駛、藥物濫用和更高的早死風險。

Symptoms and behaviors associated with ADHD include: trouble focusing on tasks or becoming so focused on an activity that you lose track of time; difficulty paying attention and being easily distracted; moving from one activity or task to another without completing them; impulsive behaviors that may result in negative consequences; regularly forgetting items or appointments; low motivation to begin tasks, especially ones that don’t interest you.
與多動癥相關的癥狀和行為包括：無法集中精力完成任務或過于專注于一項活動而忘記時間；注意力難以集中或容易分心；某個活動或任務沒有完成就轉移到新的活動或任務；做出可能導致負面結果的沖動行為；經常忘記項目或約定；開始工作的動力不足，尤其是那些不感興趣的任務。

Some of these symptoms can look like an unwillingness to engage in a task or activity.
其中一些癥狀看起來像是不愿意參與一項任務或活動。

This is most likely why some people associate ADHD with laziness.
這很可能就是為什么有些人把多動癥和懶惰聯系在一起。

For women, ADHD is often underdiagnosed.
對于女性來說，經常很難診斷出注意力缺陷多動障礙。

This may be partly due to the misconception that ADHD only affects school-aged boys.
部分原因可能是人們誤以為多動癥只影響學齡男孩。

But symptoms of ADHD in women can look different from men, leading to confusion in the diagnostic process.
但女性多動癥的癥狀可能與男性不同，這導致了診斷過程中的混亂。

Research shows that the ADHD brain differs from a non-ADHD brain, and these differences impact how they function daily, causing laziness-like symptoms.
研究表明，多動癥患者的大腦與非多動癥患者的大腦不同，這些差異會影響他們的日常功能，導致類似懶惰的癥狀。

For example, the prefrontal cortex is often smaller in those with ADHD, which controls executive functioning, like rational decision-making and attention span.
例如，多動癥患者的前額葉皮層通常較小，后者控制著理性決策和注意力持續時間等執行功能。

The limbic system controls emotional regulation, and those with ADHD can struggle with mood swings.
大腦邊緣系統控制著情緒調節，那些患有多動癥的人可能會與情緒波動作斗爭。

People with ADHD have symptoms of inattentiveness, but they often also have a capacity to hyperfocus on a narrow area that is of particular interest to them.
患有多動癥的人有注意力不集中的癥狀，但他們通常也有能力專注于他們特別感興趣的一個狹窄的領域。

Clearly, ADHD is not a guarantee of genius, but the focused work rate that it produces may enable creative genius ADHD and creative genius to flourish.
顯然，無法保證患多動癥的病人都是天才，但它所產生的專注的工作速度可能會使多動癥和創造性天才蓬勃發展。

> China leads list of global cheetah index
胡潤研究院發布全球獵豹企業榜，中國位列全球第一

China and the United States led with 291 and 246 companies, respectively, in a global cheetah index, a list of the world's start-ups founded in the 2000s and most likely to become unicorns within five years, according to the Hurun Research Institute.
胡潤研究院發布的《2023胡潤全球獵豹企業榜》顯示，中國和美國分別以291家和246家位列榜單前兩位。該榜單列出了全球成立于2000年之后、五年內最有可能成為獨角獸企業的公司。

It was the first time Hurun, a global research, media and investments group, launched the cheetah index on a global level, which found 747 cheetahs around the world, based in 198 cities from 34 countries and regions.
這是胡潤研究院首次發布“全球獵豹企業榜”，該榜單在全球34個國家和地區的198個城市找到了747家獵豹企業。

On average, the companies were set up in 2016, not yet listed on a public exchange and most likely to become unicorns with a valuation of $1 billion within five years, according to the institute.
胡潤研究院稱，總體來看，這些企業成立于2016年，尚未在公共交易所掛牌，最有可能在五年內成為估值十億美元的獨角獸公司。

By city, Shanghai is the world's cheetah capital, with 64 such companies. Beijing is second ahead of San Francisco and Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province.
從城市來看，上海成為全球獵豹企業之都，擁有64家獵豹企業。其次是北京，舊金山和浙江杭州緊隨其后。

Biotech and health technology are the core business for cheetahs, followed by enterprise services, FinTech, and e-commerce. More than half of the Chinese cheetahs were in biotech, health technology, enterprise services and smart chips, according to the index.
根據榜單，生物科技和健康科技是獵豹企業的主要行業，其次是企業服務、金融科技和電子商務。超過一半的上榜中國獵豹企業集中在生物科技、健康科技、企業服務和智能芯片領域。

"Cheetahs represent the economy of the future. What they are doing and where they are doing it shows which industries are attracting the top young talent and investment, and which countries and cities have the best startup ecosystems," said Rupert Hoogewerf, chairman and chief researcher of Hurun Report.
胡潤百富董事長兼首席調研官胡潤表示：“獵豹企業代表著未來的經濟。他們在做什么，在哪里做，這表明哪些行業吸引了全球頂尖的年輕人才和最聰明的資本，哪些國家和城市擁有最好的創業生態。”

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