研發數字人民幣是不是為了替代美元？如何看待數字人民幣重點在零售？SWIFT（結算系統）會不會被替代？4月16日，在2022清華五道口全球金融論壇上，中國金融學會會長、中國人民銀行原行長周小川圍繞“關于數字貨幣的幾點問題及回應”發表主旨演講，回答了這些市場關心的問題。

China's e-CNY, also known as the digital yuan, is designed for retail transactions for the convenience of people and merchants, rather than to replace the US dollar, said Zhou Xiaochuan, president of the China Society for Finance and Banking.
中國金融學會會長周小川表示，數字人民幣是為了零售，為了百姓方便、商戶方便，不是為了替代美元。

"The People's Bank of China stressed that it conducted research and development of the e-CNY as a substitute for cash in circulation, showing that the PBOC expects the use of the e-CNY to be primarily focused on retail payments, especially bringing more convenience to people with the help of internet and mobile internet terminals," said Zhou, who is also former governor of the PBOC, China's central bank, at the 2022 Tsinghua PBCSF Global Finance Forum on Saturday.
4月16日，在2022清華五道口全球金融論壇上，中國金融學會會長、中國人民銀行原行長周小川表示：“中國人民銀行強調，研發發行數字人民幣，是想把應用的重點放在零售環節，也就是希望能夠在零售環節得到應用，特別是借助于互聯網和移動互聯網終端給大家提供更大的方便。”

"We don't exclude the possibility that the e-CNY may be used for cross-border payments in the future but I estimate that it will still focus on retail transactions, such as cross-border retail transactions," he said, adding that the digital yuan will not be used as a weapon.
周小川稱：“當然不排除數字人民幣未來可能有跨境支付的前景，但是我估計也會注重于零售，跨境零售的應用。”他表示，數字人民幣不會被用作武器。

At the forum, Zhou reiterated world trade patterns should avoid slipping back to what they were during the Cold War era.
在論壇上，周小川重申，國際貿易格局應該避免倒退到冷戰時期。

"If global financial payment or messaging systems slip into some kind of a Cold War pattern, it will bring damage to everyone," he said.
他說：“如果金融的支付系統或者是支付通訊系統滑入某種冷戰格局，對大家來說都是會有損失的?！?/p>

The relevant authorities should take into account that if SWIFT, the world's leading provider of secure financial messaging services, is heavily used as an instrument to impose sanctions, others can definitely find other financial messaging channels to complete trade, he said.
周小川稱，如果大量地把SWIFT（全球領先的安全金融信息通訊平臺）作為制裁工具，應該考慮到別人一定可以找到其他的通訊渠道來繼續完成貿易。

However, he acknowledged that SWIFT has advantages in terms of efficiency, market size, security, confidentiality and automated processing, with a large number of financial institutions connected to it.
然而，周小川承認，SWIFT在效率、市場規模、安全性、保密性和信息自動化處理方面具有優勢，參與的金融機構數量非常多。

If another financial messaging channel is created to bypass SWIFT, there will be a transitional period and tons of work to do. During the transitional period, the efficiency of trade will be affected, he said.
他表示，如果避開SWIFT另開一個渠道，可能要有過渡期，會影響貿易效率。

The PBOC announced on April 2 that its e-CNY pilot program will be expanded to another 11 cities, including Tianjin and six cities in Zhejiang province which will host the Asian Games later this year.
中國人民銀行4月2日宣布，將擴大數字人民幣試點范圍，在現有試點地區基礎上增加天津市、浙江省承辦亞運會的6個城市等11個城市作為試點地區。

By the end of 2021, China's digital yuan transactions reached about 87.57 billion yuan ($13.75 billion), with 261 million personal wallets opened, according to the PBOC.
截止到2021年底，中國數字人民幣交易達875.7億人民幣，根據人民銀行數據，已累計開立個人數字人民幣錢包2.61億個。

Third-party institutions should move toward high standards if they want to participate in the digital currency pilot program, rather than trying to avoid following these standards in a crafty or dishonest way, Zhou said.
周小川表示，第三方機構如果想做數字貨幣，就要在不同程度上向高標準靠攏，不能耍小聰明。

來源：中國日報
編輯：董靜