留學(xué)生 international students

The Ministry of Education will ask universities to adopt similar standards for all students, foreign and Chinese, in teaching, exam requirements, education resources and services, said an official from the ministry's department of international cooperation and exchanges.
教育部國(guó)際合作與交流司負(fù)責(zé)人表示，教育部將進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)來華留學(xué)生與中國(guó)學(xué)生的管理和服務(wù)趨同化，實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的教學(xué)管理與考試考核制度，提供平等一致的教學(xué)資源與管理服務(wù)。

【單詞講解】

離開自己所在的國(guó)家去其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)深造的所有學(xué)生統(tǒng)稱為international students（國(guó)際學(xué)生/留學(xué)生），對(duì)于本國(guó)的學(xué)生來說，從其他國(guó)家來我國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生就是foreign students，而離開我們國(guó)家去外國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生則是overseas students，學(xué)成回國(guó)的“海歸”就是overseas returnees。這幾年很流行的“出國(guó)游學(xué)”就是overseas study tour。

該負(fù)責(zé)人介紹，來華留學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)主要用于資助根據(jù)中國(guó)政府與有關(guān)國(guó)家（地區(qū)）政府簽訂的教育交流協(xié)議到中國(guó)高校學(xué)習(xí)或開展科研的非中國(guó)籍公民。

China has signed official education exchange agreements with more than 180 countries, under which both sides can send students to each other's countries for further study, the ministry said.
目前，中國(guó)和180多個(gè)國(guó)家簽訂了政府間教育交流協(xié)議，支持雙方互派學(xué)生到對(duì)方國(guó)家學(xué)習(xí)深造。

In 2018, the country welcomed 492,000 international students from 196 countries and regions to study at 1,004 universities and research institutes across the country, it said.
據(jù)教育部發(fā)布的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，2018年，共有來自196個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的49.2萬名留學(xué)生在國(guó)內(nèi)1004所高校和科研機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)。

The ministry said 63,000 international students were funded by Chinese government scholarships last year, accounting for just 12.8 percent of the foreign students in China. Moreover, 70 percent of those receiving scholarships were pursuing master's or doctoral degrees.
其中，共有6.3萬名中國(guó)政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金生，占來華留學(xué)生總數(shù)的12.8%。這些中國(guó)政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金生中，攻讀學(xué)位的碩博研究生占70%。

下一步，教育部將進(jìn)一步完善中國(guó)政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金生的招生和管理，提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，保障質(zhì)量。同時(shí)，健全獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金院校考核評(píng)估機(jī)制，對(duì)違規(guī)招生或培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量不達(dá)標(biāo)的院校，取消招收和培養(yǎng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金生資格。

The ministry punished 18 universities for irregularities in international student admission, certificate issuance for visa applications and on-campus management. Sixteen institutions were suspended to enroll foreign students last year, it said.
2018年，教育部嚴(yán)肅處理了18所院校在來華留學(xué)生招收、錄取、簽證等留學(xué)生管理工作過程中的各類違法違規(guī)行為，暫停16所涉事院校招收外國(guó)留學(xué)生的資格。

Universities should also teach international students relevant laws and regulations in China, and students who violate those laws and regulations or commit crimes will be dealt with seriously, the official said.
該負(fù)責(zé)人強(qiáng)調(diào)，高校應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)來華留學(xué)生進(jìn)行中國(guó)法律法規(guī)、校規(guī)校紀(jì)教育，對(duì)違規(guī)違紀(jì)的留學(xué)生嚴(yán)肅處理。

電子煙 electronic cigarettes

China is planning to establish legislation to supervise electronic cigarettes as part of overall tobacco control efforts as use of the products increases among the youth, the National Health Commission said on Monday.
國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委7月22日表示，隨著電子煙在青少年中的使用增加，我國(guó)計(jì)劃立法對(duì)電子煙進(jìn)行監(jiān)管，作為控?zé)熜袆?dòng)的一個(gè)舉措。

目前主流的電子煙（electronic cigarettes/e-cigarettes）大部分都是通過一個(gè)霧化器（vaporator）將包含丙二醇、植物甘油、調(diào)味香料和尼古丁等成分的煙油變成蒸汽，模擬吸煙時(shí)產(chǎn)生類似煙霧。

國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委規(guī)劃司司長(zhǎng)毛群安表示，電子煙的危害問題應(yīng)該引起高度重視。

電子煙產(chǎn)生的氣溶膠含有許多有毒有害的物質(zhì)（toxic substances），電子煙中的各種添加劑成分（additives）也存在著健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（health risk）。另外，許多電子煙產(chǎn)品所含的尼古丁濃度標(biāo)識(shí)模糊（nicotine concentration claim on the label is vague），容易導(dǎo)致使用者吸食過量。

同時(shí)，電子煙的器具還存在著電池爆炸（battery explosion）、煙液滲透（tobacco juice leak）、高溫燙傷（scald burn risk）等安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

目前我國(guó)電子煙的使用處于較低水平，但與2015年相比有所提高，而且重點(diǎn)還都是年輕人。

About 0.9 percent of people in China were e-cigarette users last year－compared with 0.5 percent in 2015－according to a survey released by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention in May, which was based on nearly 20,000 people across China. The number of e-cigarette users in China who are 15 years or older is estimated at 10 million, the center said.
中國(guó)疾控中心今年5月針對(duì)近2萬人進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，去年我國(guó)電子煙使用者人數(shù)占總?cè)丝诘?.9%，比2015年的0.5%有所上升。我國(guó)15歲及以上電子煙使用者的數(shù)量預(yù)計(jì)約有1000萬。

根據(jù)國(guó)際的一些研究表明，電子煙的使用容易誘導(dǎo)青少年嘗試使用傳統(tǒng)的卷煙，這樣就加快了吸煙人群的年輕化趨勢(shì)。

"To reduce tobacco prevalence, we must prevent adolescents from trying tobacco. But e-cigarettes can easily lure youngsters and turn them into users of traditional tobacco later," Mao said.
毛群安說，要實(shí)現(xiàn)吸煙率的下降，一定要阻止青少年嘗試煙草，但是電子煙恰恰容易以時(shí)尚的方式誘導(dǎo)青少年先接觸電子煙，之后可能就接觸傳統(tǒng)的煙草。

It is necessary to intensify supervision over e-cigarettes. The National Heath Commission is working with other related departments conducting research on e-cigarette supervision and planning to put it under supervision through legislative means.
所以必須嚴(yán)格加強(qiáng)電子煙的監(jiān)管。目前國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委正在會(huì)同有關(guān)部門開展電子煙監(jiān)管的研究，計(jì)劃要通過立法的方式對(duì)電子煙進(jìn)行監(jiān)管。

“健康中國(guó)行動(dòng)”提出的控?zé)熌繕?biāo)包括：

Over 80 percent of China's population will be under smoke-free legal protection as of 2030.
到2030年，全面無煙法規(guī)保護(hù)的人口比例達(dá)到80%及以上。

Party and government branches at all levels will become smoking-free by 2020, and smoking will get gradually banned throughout indoor public spaces, workplaces and public transport.
到2022年要基本實(shí)現(xiàn)把各級(jí)黨政機(jī)關(guān)建設(shè)成無煙機(jī)關(guān)，逐步在所有室內(nèi)公共場(chǎng)所、辦公場(chǎng)所及公共交通內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)全面禁煙。

取景地旅游 set-jetting

Popular TV drama The Longest Day in Chang'an, which was shot in the ancient Chinese city of Xi'an in Shaanxi province, has made the city a tourist hot spot.
《長(zhǎng)安十二時(shí)辰》熱播以來，該劇的拍攝地陜西省西安市成為熱門旅游景點(diǎn)。

In the first week of this month, online enquiries about flight ticket bookings to Xi'an recorded a 130-percent year-on-year spike, said Ctrip, China's largest online travel agency.
攜程統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，近期，飛往西安的機(jī)票搜索量同比上漲130%左右。

這種到影視劇拍攝地旅游的行為在英語里已經(jīng)有了一個(gè)專門的詞：set-jetting。

Set-jetting is the trend of traveling to destinations that are first seen in movies or TV series. For instance, touring London in a high-speed boat like James Bond, or visiting the stately homes that are seen in the Jane Austen films. The term was first coined in the US press in the New York Post by journalist Gretchen Kelly.
Set-jetting指將影視劇拍攝地作為目的地的旅游，即“取景地旅游”。比如，像詹姆斯?邦德一樣乘坐快艇環(huán)游倫敦，或者到簡(jiǎn)?奧斯丁作品電影中那樣的大宅院中游覽。這個(gè)詞由《紐約郵報(bào)》記者格雷琴?凱麗首創(chuàng)并在美國(guó)媒體首先使用。

近幾年，這種取景地主題游暴增。熱門美劇《權(quán)力的游戲》熱播期間，克羅地亞、北愛爾蘭等國(guó)就成為游客爭(zhēng)相到訪的目的地。

Many countries – among them, Croatia, Spain, Northern Ireland, Iceland and Morocco – are all benefiting from the ultra popular Game of Thrones series. National and international travel agencies join countless online outfits in offering Game of Thrones trips and tours of all lengths and prices.
包括克羅地亞、西班牙、北愛爾蘭、冰島以及摩洛哥在內(nèi)的很多國(guó)家都因?yàn)槊绖　稒?quán)力的游戲》熱播而成為熱門旅游景點(diǎn)。各類國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際旅行社也開始提供各種價(jià)位、長(zhǎng)期和短期的《權(quán)游》主題游產(chǎn)品。

上半年，電視劇《都挺好》也引發(fā)蘇州旅游熱潮。

Suzhou, Chongqing and Bayanbulak Grassland have also become go-to destinations for domestic tourists as films such as Pegasus and TV dramas such as All Is Well were set or shot there.
蘇州、重慶以及巴音布魯克草原也作為電影《希望之神》和電視劇《都挺好》的取景地或拍攝地而成為國(guó)內(nèi)游客必去的打卡目的地。

平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì) platform economy

At its executive meeting on Wednesday, the State Council decided to introduce another basket of measures to beef up growth of the platform economy, including steps to scrap restrictions on private sector access, and others to improve the business environment.
7月17日召開的國(guó)務(wù)院常務(wù)會(huì)議決定實(shí)施一系列支持平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的措施，其中包括取消社會(huì)資本準(zhǔn)入限制以及提升營(yíng)商環(huán)境的舉措。

【名詞解釋】

平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)（platform economy）是指一種虛擬或真實(shí)的交易場(chǎng)所（virtual or real marketplace），平臺(tái)本身不生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，但可以促成雙方或多方供求之間的交易（matching demand with supply），收取恰當(dāng)?shù)馁M(fèi)用或賺取差價(jià)而獲得收益的一種商業(yè)模式。平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心是利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)諸如供需匹配、送貨、支付、反饋以及對(duì)產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)供應(yīng)商進(jìn)行監(jiān)督等功能（use the internet to provide common functions such as matching demand with supply, delivery, payment, feedback and supervision of the parties providing a product or service）。平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)不受地理界限和商業(yè)模式的限制（not restricted by geographical boundaries and business models），可以實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的優(yōu)化配置、有效融合及集約化利用（optimal allocation, effective integration and intensive use of resources）。

會(huì)議指出，近年來我國(guó)平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)蓬勃興起。

The total market value of China's top 20 internet platform businesses, including Alibaba, Tencent and Baidu, exceeded $1.38 trillion by the end of last year, according to a report by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.
中國(guó)信息通信研究院的報(bào)告顯示，截至去年底，阿里巴巴、騰訊、百度等排名前20位的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺(tái)企業(yè)總市值超過1.38萬億元。

要遵循規(guī)律、順勢(shì)而為，支持推動(dòng)平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展。

一要發(fā)展平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)新業(yè)態(tài)。

順應(yīng)群眾需要發(fā)展“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)＋服務(wù)業(yè)”（promote the development of the Internet Plus service industry），支持社會(huì)資本進(jìn)入醫(yī)療健康、教育、養(yǎng)老家政、旅游、體育等服務(wù)領(lǐng)域（private businesses will be encouraged to invest in sectors such as medical care, education, nursing, domestic services and sports），提供更多優(yōu)質(zhì)高效的便民服務(wù)。

二要優(yōu)化發(fā)展環(huán)境（improve the business environment）。

推進(jìn)登記注冊(cè)便利化，放寬新興行業(yè)企業(yè)名稱登記限制，簡(jiǎn)化平臺(tái)企業(yè)分支機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)立手續(xù)（make business registration easier and simpler procedures for setting up branches）。

三要按照包容審慎要求，創(chuàng)新監(jiān)管方式，探索適應(yīng)新業(yè)態(tài)特點(diǎn)、有利于公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的公正監(jiān)管辦法，推進(jìn)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)＋監(jiān)管”（Internet Plus supervision）。

新時(shí)代的中國(guó)國(guó)防 China's National Defense in the New Era

China on Wednesday issued a white paper to expound on its defensive national defense policy in the new era and explain the practice, purposes and significance of China's efforts to build a fortified national defense and a strong military. Titled "China's National Defense in the New Era," the white paper was released by the State Council Information Office, with a view to helping the international community better understand China's national defense.
7月24日，中國(guó)政府發(fā)表《新時(shí)代的中國(guó)國(guó)防》白皮書。白皮書全面介紹了新時(shí)代中國(guó)防御性國(guó)防政策，清晰地向世界表明了中國(guó)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)的戰(zhàn)略指向、基本遵循和世界意義，有助于國(guó)際社會(huì)理解中國(guó)軍力發(fā)展。

這是中國(guó)政府自1998年以來發(fā)表的第10部國(guó)防白皮書，也是黨的十八大以來發(fā)表的首部綜合型國(guó)防白皮書。白皮書全文約2.7萬字，正文部分包括國(guó)際安全形勢(shì)、新時(shí)代中國(guó)防御性國(guó)防政策、履行新時(shí)代軍隊(duì)使命任務(wù)、改革中的中國(guó)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)、合理適度的國(guó)防開支、積極服務(wù)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體等6個(gè)章節(jié)。

白皮書首次全景式展現(xiàn)中國(guó)深化國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)改革取得的歷史性成就，還專門辟出章節(jié)，介紹中國(guó)在堅(jiān)定維護(hù)聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章宗旨和原則、推動(dòng)構(gòu)建新型安全伙伴關(guān)系、推動(dòng)構(gòu)建地區(qū)安全合作架構(gòu)、妥善處理領(lǐng)土問題和海洋劃界爭(zhēng)端、積極提供國(guó)際公共安全產(chǎn)品等方面的具體實(shí)踐。與以往相比，白皮書在附件中列出了多達(dá)10個(gè)表格，詳細(xì)介紹了軍委機(jī)關(guān)部門基本情況、2010年至2017年中國(guó)年度國(guó)防費(fèi)構(gòu)成、2012年以來解放軍和武警部隊(duì)對(duì)外開展的主要聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓(xùn)活動(dòng)以及中國(guó)軍隊(duì)參加的主要聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)等內(nèi)容。